p there are exactly o(d) numbers a such that exp, (a) =d. In particular there are exactly (p-1) primitive roots modulo p.
p there are exactly o(d) numbers a such that exp, (a) =d. In particular there are exactly (p-1) primitive roots modulo p.
Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter4: Polynomial And Rational Functions
Section4.2: Properties Of Division
Problem 50E
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