It is required to recover active extracellular enzymes from a completed fermentation medium that also consists of proteins (<200,000 molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)) and bacterial cells (1-2 μm). A cross-flow 0.35 μm microfiltration (MF) with retentate recycled back to the fermenter will be used over a period of 5 hours during which time flux is assumed to decline linearly. After 5 hours, assuming 95% of the bacteria are retained and given the additional information below,

It is required to recover active extracellular enzymes from a completed fermentation medium that also consists of proteins (<200,000 molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)) and bacterial cells (1-2 μm). A cross-flow 0.35 μm microfiltration (MF) with retentate recycled back to the fermenter will be used over a period of 5 hours during which time flux is assumed to decline linearly. After 5 hours, assuming 95% of the bacteria are retained and given the additional information below,

Biomedical Instrumentation Systems

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133478294

Author:Chatterjee

Publisher:Chatterjee

Chapter15: Instrumentation In Medical Imaging

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

An aerobic culture is grown in a continuous bioreactor at 28C and the product of yield was found to be 4 grams product produced per gram of oxygen consumed. It is planned to make this product at a rate of 6 kg/h. Calculate the overall heat of reaction per hour (in kJ/hr).
The data below were obtained for the growth of a pure culture of Escherichia coli in nutrient broth at a temperature of 37°C. Determine (1) the specific growth rate and (2) generation time of E. coli and the duration of the (3) lag and (4) log (or exponential) phases. (ln 2 = 0.693) Time (h) 0 1 2 3 4 8 16 32 Bacterial No./mL 104.1 103.9 104.4 105.5 106.5 107.7 108.0 107.6
In a fed-batch culture operating with intermittent addition of lactose solution, values ofthe following parameters are given at time t = 2, when the system is at a quasi-steady state. 1.Determine the initial volume of the culture 2. Determine the concentration of growth-limiting substrate and the total amount ofbiomass in the vessel at a quasi-steady state. 3. At which scenario of bioprocessing, a fed-batch system is recommended to be applied?
Menaquinones is produced by Flavobacterium meningosepticum via submerged fermentation with 60% working volume in 30-L fermentation. To obtain the crude menaquinones, the fermentation medium is centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The vacuum-freeze dried particles are crushed and collected. After that the samples are treated with methanol for 20 minutes. To remove polar lipid compounds from bacterial cells, HZ816 macroporous adsorption resin column is used with methanol-dichloromethane (l:1) as mobile phase and flow rate of 0.75 mL/min. Rotary evaporation at 500 C is carried out to concentrate the eluent. After that, the concentrated sample is purified with Bio-BeadsTM S-X3 to remove components without UV absorption. To obtain the homolog purified menaquinones, RP-C18 column is used. Recrystallization is carried out to obtain pure crystalized menaquinones. Answer the following: Indicate how to obtain the sample in the methanol solvent. Three different chromatography are used in…
Nicotiana tabacum cells are cultured to produce a polysaccharide gum. The reactor used is a stirred-tank reactor with an initial volume of 100 L. The maximum specific rate of growth of the culture is 0.18 d-1 and the yield coefficient of substrate in biomass is 0.5 gX/gS. The concentration of the limiting substrate in the medium is 3% (m/v). The reactor is inoculated with 1.5 g/L of cells and operated in batch until the substrate is exhausted, when the medium is fed with a constant flow rate of 8 L/d. The fed batch occurs in a quasi-steady state condition.a) Estimate the time of the batch step and the concentration of cells reached in this phase, considering exponential cell growth.b) The fed batch phase is carried out for a period of 40 days. What is the final concentration of cells in the reactor?c) The bioreactor is available for the process for 275 days a year, with an interval of 24 hours between each cultivation. What is the most advantageous operating mode for the process…
Composition of Cell Lysis Buffer Required Concentration of Reagent Molecular Weight Volume or Weight of Reagents Needed 40 mM Tris HCl 157.59 20 mM Acetic acid 60.05 1 mM EDTA 292.24 10 mM MgCl2 from 25mM stock 95.21 5% SDS 288.37 ddH2O 18.02
Yeast cells are added to a 3.0 L batch bioreactor so that the initial cell concentration is [X]. = 1.3 g cells / L. The growth mediğim in the reactor, which is well-mixed so the cells have access to all nutrients, contains 150 g CELL DATA ribose (C5H10O5, MW 150), 75 g ammonia (NH3, MW 17), and 85 g oxygen (O2, MW 32). A-10. Determine the maximum concentration of cells, [X], that will form in the bioreactor when the limiting nutrient is consumed. Search Yx/ribose YX/02 YX/NH3 Specific growth rate on limiting nutrient, u Lag phase duration Deceleration phase duration 0.48 g/g 0.87 g/g 0.23 g/g 0.51 h 30 minutes Negligible
Consider the sterilization of a sodium gluconate production medium in the holding section of a continuous sterilizer. Assuming constant temperature, the specific death rate constant of the contaminant is 20 s-1 . If the average residence time in the holding section is 10 seconds, calculate the Del factor for the following and explain the results. i. For Pe = 400 ii. For Pe = 400, assuming plug flow iii. For Pe = 100 iv. For Pe = 100, assuming plug flow
after a 5 g onion sample is divided into two equal parts, heat treatment to one of these partsit is being implemented. Then both heat-treated and non-treated parts are 10 times their weightit is ground in an environment containing as much buffer and the determination of pyruvate in the supernatants obtainedit's being done.a) As a result of measurements taken at 520 nm; absorbance value for the heat-treated sample;it was found that the absorbance value in the sample that was not heat treated was 0.123 and the absorbance value in the sample that was not heat treated was 0.520.The equation of the calibration accuracy for pyruvate is that y = 0.1367x – 0.001 (nmol/mL)according to the onion sample; a) independent of alinase activity; b) dependent on alinase activityand c) calculate the total pyruvate amounts in terms of nmol/g of onion.b) How is there a relationship between the activity of the enzyme allinase in onions and the amount of pyruvate?Dec,please explain.
During cell couting, when the data are plotted in an ordinary graph or on a cross-section paper, why is the log value of the cell concentration used?
Sweet sorghum juice is used as sole carbon source for ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The overall in situ sterilisation duration is 40 minutes at 120 0C for a pilot reactor (50 L) which is filled with 60% of working volume. The non-sterile medium consists of 3.28 x 106 contaminants L-1. During the autoclaving process, you have noticed that the time taken for heating and cooling are 18 minutes and 15 minutes, respectively. As a process engineer, explain if you agree with this sterilisation practice by using quantitative analysis.
Enterobacter aerogenes inoculated into a glucose fermentation tube often gives a weak acid result (orange-yellow) with a very large bubble in the Durham tube. If it ferments glucose, why might the tube not turn very yellow?