In our model with a work-leisure decision in both time periods of life, the optimal choice of time spent working when young is positively related to expectations about the real interest rate; that is, and holding all else constant, when the expected real interest rate rises, young households are predicted to increase the amount of time they spend working. What is the economic/behavioural logic behind this prediction? Explain.
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- Hospitality Hotels forecasts monthly labor needs.(a) Given the following monthly labor fi gures, make a forecastfor June using a three-period moving average and a fi veperiod moving average. Month Actual ValuesJanuary 32February 41March 38April 39May 43 (b) What would be the forecast for June using the naïvemethod?(c) If the actual labor fi gure for June turns out to be 41, whatwould be the forecast for July using each of these models?(d) Compare the accuracy of these models using the meanabsolute deviation (MAD).(e) Compare the accuracy of these models using the meansquared error (MSE).Consider a forward-looking individual who aims at maximizing her lifetime utility from her lifetime resources. Assume the initial endowment of the individual isand her expected labour income is in the sequence Her utility function takes the form where is consumption in period and . Assume the real interest rate, is constant but not equal to the discount rate . Suppose that this individual lives for two periods, write down her intertemporal budget constraint and carefully interpret it. Explain why the lifetime budget constraint must be satisfied with a strict equality. From the intertemporal budget constraint, derive the permanent income hypothesis (PIH) and explain the drivers of consumption growth in this model.JosephmigratedtoCanadafromGhana5yearsago.Hecurrently works in sales but is considering quitting work for two years to earn an MBA degree. His current job pays $40,000 per year (after taxes), but he could earn $55,000 per year (after taxes) if he had an MBA. Tuition is $10,000 per year, and the cost of an apartment near campus is equal to the $10,000 he is currently paying. His discount rate is 6 percent per year. He just turned 48 and plans to retire when he turns 60, whether or not he earns his MBA degree. Based on this information, should he go for an MBA degree? Explain carefully with appropriate calculations.
- Julie lives for two periods. She works in the first, saves some of her income, and retires inthe second and lives off her savings. For every coconut she saves today, she earns an interestrate of r = 2%. Julie’s generation comprises of 1,000 people and each generation grows byn% relative to the previous one.a. In the first period Julie saves 100 coconuts for retirement. How many coconuts will shehave when she retires?b. Now suppose that the government implements a pay-as-you-go social security system,forcing every person in Julie’s generation to pay 100 coconuts to a social security fund thatwill distribute the money to the currently old. In exchange, when Julie retires each youngperson will pay 100 coconuts to the social security fund, and the revenue will be dividedequally among the future retirees. How much will be the revenue of the social securitysystem, and how many coconuts will each retiree will receive?c. What will have to be the range of values for n so that the government’s…Name two products for which each of the threefollowing demographic variables would be mostinfluential in determining consumption. If youcould combine two of the three, which would bethe second demographic you would add to each?Justify your answer.a. Incomeb. Educationc. OccupationThe permanent income hypothesis is consitent with cross-section and time-series data because a. higer-income households are savers, since their current income includes positive transistory conponents. O b. higer-income households are savers, since their current income includes negative transistory conponents. c. lower-income households are dissavers, since their current income includes positive transistory components. O d. lower-income households are savers, since their current income includes negative transistory conponents.
- Suppose that a consumer cannot vary hours of work as he or she chooses. In particular, he or she must choose between working g hours and not working at all, whereg> 0. Suppose that dividend income is zero, and that the consumer pays a tax Tif he or she works, and receives a benefit b when not working, interpreted as an unemployment insurance payment. a Click the icon to view information about the initial model used here. Consumption, C W29-T w,q-T Leisure, I h-g BE a. If the wage rate increases, how does this affect the consumer's hours of work? What does this have to say about what we would observe about the behaviour of actual consumers when wages change? After the wage rate increases, an individual consumer who originally did not work at all V After the wage rate increases, an individual consumer who originally worked q hours V This suggests that if an economy includes many consumers with many different sets preferences (all satisfying the assumptions of the initial model) and the…Explain the relationship that economic variables can have with businesscycles. These have both direction and timing. Give an example economicvariable of each combination of direction timing. Of these two attributes, ifyou had exclusive access to a reliable variable, which relationships wouldyou want this variable to have for forecasting purposesClear my choice The present worth of an arithmetic gradient will always be located: Select one: O a. the same period with gradient. O b. 5 periods before the future value. OC one period before the gradient starts. O d. two periods before the gradient starts.
- It has been said that a society withhigh savings rate is a society with ahigh standard of living. Discuss thelink (if any) between saving andstandard of living and also explainthe overall economic function ofprofits.In a consumption-leisure model, where P is the price of consumption and w is the wageand h is the hours, how do I mathematically calculate the effect of wage jncrease (wage/price of good) on the ff: >consumption>leisure>hours worked How do I know which is stronger between income effect and substitution effect due to increase in w/p? Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.Explain how does adecrease in the current income y affect the consumer’s consumption-saving decision. In particular,explain: 1) How will current consumption c, future consumption c′, and savings s change; 2) Arethere any substitution effect or income effect. Make sure you draw two figures, one for the borrowersand one for the lenders