In 2007, then–Texas governor Rick Perry became the first governor in the United States to mandate by executive order the vaccination of all Texas girls aged 11–12 for HPV, arguing that the vaccine prevented cancer. Some conservatives criticized Perry, arguing that the vaccine would encourage sexual promiscuity among children and young adults. The Texas legislature overturned the executive order, and Perry later reversed himself, saying the order was a mistake. Do you think states should require boys and girls to be vaccinated for HPV? Discuss reasons for and against such a requirement.
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In 2007, then–Texas governor Rick Perry became the first governor in
the United States to mandate by executive order the vaccination of all
Texas girls aged 11–12 for HPV, arguing that the vaccine prevented
cancer. Some conservatives criticized Perry, arguing that the vaccine
would encourage sexual promiscuity among children and young
adults. The Texas legislature overturned the executive order, and Perry
later reversed himself, saying the order was a mistake. Do you think
states should require boys and girls to be vaccinated for HPV? Discuss
reasons for and against such a requirement.
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- 1) Dr. Jenner's discovery of a vaccination for chicken pox was a great highlight of public health in the eighteenth century. True or false? 2)In 1950, Congress passed bills/ amendments to the Social Security Act of 1935 to create Medicare and Medicaid to provide medical care for millions and improve standards for healthcare facilities. True or false?Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection that can be passed through sexual contact and affect the genitals, mouth, or throat. A vaccine that prevents infections from several of the common strains of HPV was developed in 2006. When the HPV vaccine was first developed, it was initially administered only to girls in most jurisdictions. Now, the HPV vaccine is provided free to both boys and girls in all the provinces and territories, although eligible ages vary. Alberta was one of the first provinces to include boys in their HPV immunization program. Currently, in Alberta, Grade 6 students are routinely immunized against HPV and the HPV immunization program is free for all students until the end of Grade 12. It has been established that 2 doses of the vaccine over 6 months are effective in individuals under 15 years of age. Individuals over 15 need 3 doses over 6 months. The cost of a single dose is about $200. When the HPV vaccine was first introduced, it was recommended…The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a virus for which no known vaccine is available yet. A person diagnosed with the virus can only be managed with the hope that their immune system will fight the virus. Governments of many countries (including Ghana) are now beginning to accept the reality that until a vaccine is found, ways must be adopted to be able to live with the virus without contracting it. This means that same must be done at the workplace as well. A single person found to have contracted the virus will have a lot of implication on the organisation. This certainly is a source of concern for HR managers in the organisation. i. Explain four (4) of the HR implications should the workforce contract this virus. ii. Apart from the various safety protocols outlined by the W.H.O. and health sectors of various countries, discuss how four (4) of the various HR practices could be employed to help fight this pandemic.
- An epidemiological study of 500 men between the ages of 20 and 65 years of age revealed a correlation between an increased consumption of tomatoes and a lower incidence of prostate cancer. The results of this study do not prove that increased tomato consumption lowers the risk for prostate cancer because: A) The study shows a correlation between two factors that may or may not actually have an effect on each other. B) The study does not show how tomatoes lower prostate cancer risk. C) A single study cannot provide enough evidence to conclusively prove an effect. D) All of the above are valid reasons.I was wondering if there would be an application for genetically modified ticks? Improvements on the protocols could help with efficiency, but I doubt ticks will ever be released for control methods, due to both males and females taking blood meals and also for each instar. What are some applications or impacts that genetically modified ticks could have?Suppose you are designing a study to determine whether a vaccine is effective. You recruit volunteers and then assign them into two groups. Which of the following is a better way to determine if the vaccine works in a wide variety of people? (a) Recruit people from a variety of backgrounds: different ethnicities, ages, sexes, etc... and then randomly form two groups. (b) Recruit people for the study who are very similar to one another, such as married nonsmoker female nurses in their forties who don't drink with no health problems and good incomes, then randomly form two groups
- This article highlights a young doctor at Elmhurst Hospital during the beginning of Covid-19 pandemic. Dr. Zikry is quoted as saying: “It’s become very clear to me what a socioeconomic disease this is...”. In addition, the textbook discusses the personal variables and socioeconomic status (SES) that are used to find patterns in disease (pp.112-118). What do you think Dr. Zikry meant by referring to the SES of his patients? Why was it important to find a pattern of personal variables and SES among the of victims of Covid-19 at the beginning of the pandemic?In the 1940s, the U.S. government was looking for a solution to a medical problem: the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among soldiers. Several now-infamous government-funded studies used human subjects to research common STDs and treatments. In one such study, American researchers intentionally exposed more than 1300 human subjects in Guatemala to syphilis, gonorrhea, and chancroid to determine the ability of penicillin and other antibiotics to combat these diseases. Subjects of the study included Guatemalan soldiers, prisoners, prostitutes, and psychiatric patients—none of whom were informed that they were taking part in the study. 1) What type of Epidemiological Study does this fall under; Descriptive, Analytical, Retrospective, Observational, or Prospective. 2) Please explain why this study was ethical or unethical. 3) We discussed a similar tragic but famous study that happened in the U.S. (it took place in Alabama) in one of our lectures. What was the name and…Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common type of sexually transmitted infection in the world. It is estimated that more than 80% of sexually active men and women will be infected with some form of HPV at some point in their lives. The vaccine for HPV protects against the most common types of virus that are associated with cervical and anal cancer. The vaccine prevents about 99% of cancers and warts caused by HPV. Currently in Alberta, HPV vaccines are offered to all students in Grade 6. The vaccine is administered in three doses. Read the following statements related to the human papillomavirus and select the perspective it exemplifies in the drop-down menu. Pick either social, cultural, ethical or economic for each statement
- Should he go ahead and enroll on the chance that he would receive the DNA vaccine and that it would be more effective than chemotherapy? Bruce and his parents moved to a semi-tropical region of the United States when he was about 3 years old. He loved to be outside year-round and swim, surf, snorkel, and play baseball. Bruce was fair-skinned, and in his childhood years, was sunburned quite often. In his teen years, he began using sunscreens, and although he never tanned very much, he did not have the painful sunburns of his younger years. After graduation from the local community college, Bruce wanted an outdoor job and was hired at a dive shop. He took people out to one of the local reefs to snorkel and scuba dive. He didnt give a second thought to sun exposure because he used sunscreen. His employer did not provide health insurance, so Bruce did not go for annual checkups, and tried to stay in good health. In his late 20s, Bruce was injured trying to keep a tourist from getting caught between the dive boat and the dock. He went to an internist, who treated his injury and told Bruce he was going to give him a complete physical exam. During the exam, the internist noticed a discolored patch of skin on Bruces back. She told him that she suspected Bruce had skin cancer and referred him to a dermatologist, who biopsied the patch. At a follow-up visit, Bruce was told that he had melanoma, a deadly form of skin cancer. Further testing revealed that the melanoma had spread to his liver and his lungs. The dermatologist explained that treatment options at this stage are limited. The drugs available for chemotherapy have only temporary effects, and surgery is not effective for melanoma at this stage. The dermatologist recommended that Bruce consider entering a clinical trial that was testing a DNA vaccine for melanoma treatment. These vaccines deliver DNA encoding a gene expressed by the cancer cells to the immune system. This primes the immune system to respond by producing large quantities of antibodies that destroy melanoma cells wherever they occur in the body. A clinical trial using one such DNA vaccine was being conducted at a nearby medical center, and Bruce decided to participate. At the study clinic, Bruce learned that he would be in a Phase Ill trial, comparing the DNA vaccine against the standard treatment, which is chemotherapy, and that he would be randomly assigned to receive either the DNA vaccine or the chemotherapy. He was disappointed to learn this. He thought he would be receiving the DNA vaccine.When the CDC informed blood bank leaders about the danger of HIV spread through HIV infected blood: (choose all that apply) A. Resisted the idea of implementing control measures B. Banned IV drug users from donating blood C. Banned homosexual people from becoming blood donors D. Called HIV researchers and CDC epidemiologists “alarmists” and E. declared that there was not enough evidence to test all donated blood for HIV E. Blood bank leaders embraced the prevention strategy and immediately started testing all blood donated in the USA fake country of Wathu has been giving a virus treatment tablet for free to poor citizens who exhibit symptoms. The tablet makes somewhat sick people feel a bit better and reduces the death rate of those who are extremely sick. Nobody sells counterfeit pills and no prescriptions are needed for the tablets. Some of the poor Wathu citizens are selling their treatment tablet to richer citizens for $400, which is what the rich citizens would have to pay to the treatment center per tablet. The marginal cost of production is $400. How would prohibiting these voluntary transfers of treatment tablets affect total surplus?