How will carmakers in the U.S. respond to consumers’ desires compared to Chinese carmakers’ response to consumers’ desires, everything else being equal?
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The auto industry in the U.S. has long been dominated by the Big Three carmakers: Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler. The auto industry in China, on the other hand, has more than 170 carmakers. Automakers in the U.S. have some
How will carmakers in the U.S. respond to consumers’ desires compared to Chinese carmakers’ response to consumers’ desires, everything else being equal?
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- The auto industry in the U.S. has long been dominated by the Big Three carmakers: Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler. The auto industry in China, on the other hand, has more than 170 carmakers. Automakers in the U.S. have some monopoly power while the car market in China has the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market. Based on these differences in market characteristics, explain how car makers in the U.S. will “behave” compared to carmakers in China. In particular, address the following considerations: How will the price of cars in the U.S. compare to the price of cars in China, everything else being equal?The figure below illustrates the market for steel. If the steel market is competitive, firms can produce steel at a constant marginal cost of $100 per ton. Therefore, the price of steel is $100 per ton, and 100 tons are produced. Assume that if all the steel companies consolidate into a monopoly, the monopoly marginal cost will fall to $70 per ton. Use the straight line tool to draw the monopoly marginal revenue and marginal cost lines (extend the marginal cost line to 300 tons). Then use the plot point tool to plot the monopoly profit maximizing price and output on the demand curve. Part 2. If the market is competitive, total surplus is $ _________ Part 3. If the market is controlled by a monopoly, total surplus is $________Suppose that you are a manager for a firm like EBC Brakes, which manufactures brakes for automobiles and motorcycles. Your company has two plants, one in the United States and the other in the United Kingdom. The following tables include estimated demand and marginal revenue for your brakes, along with the marginal costs at the two factories. what quantity and price maximize your firms profit? What is the profit – maximizing number of brakes produced in the U.S. plant? In the U.K. plant? Quantity Demanded (brakes per hour) Price (dollars per brake) Quantity Produced in the U.K. plant (brakes per hour) Quantity Produced in the U.S. (brakes per hour) Total Quantity Produced Marginal Cost (dollars per brake) Marginal Revenue (dollars per brake) 104 196 47 42 89 66 92 105 195 48 44 92 68 90 106 194 49 46 95 70 88 107 193 50 48 98 72 86 108 192 51 50 101 74 84 109 191 52 52 104…
- Monopoly outcome versus perfectly competitive outcome Consider the daily market for hot dogs in a small city. Suppose that this market is in long-run perfectly competitive equilibrium, with many hot dog stands in the city, each one selling the same kind of hot dogs. Therefore, each vendor is a price taker and possesses no market power. The following graph shows the demand (D) and supply curves (S = MC) in the market for hot dogs. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from perfect competition. Use the green point (triangle symbol) to shade the area that represents consumers’ surplus, and use the purple point (diamond symbol) to shade the area that represents producers’ surplus. (graph 1) Assume that one of the hot dog vendors successfully lobbies the city council to obtain the exclusive right to sell hot dogs within the city limits. This firm buys up all the rest of the hot dog vendors in the city and…From the 1990’s to now, the market has changed considerably, with DeBeer having to adapt to new challenges. The first is the introduction of direct competitors. Russia’s state-owned diamond company ALROSA now produces more diamonds than DeBeers itself. Some new firms even bought mines from DeBeers when the company was trying to support their balance sheet. Another change is the introduction of substitutes, with synthetic diamonds becoming more appealing to price-conscious young shoppers. Advances on the production of these products are fairly recent, notably, in 2015 New Diamond Technology displayed the potential of synthetics by creating a ten-carat polished diamond. This means the market is changing from monopoly to monopolistic competition. We know that entry of other firms will cause the monopolists demand curve to shift. 4. From the 1990s to now, the market is changing from monopoly to monopolistic competition. Explain reasons for this change.Everyone shops for things they need for themselves and for gifts for others. Imagine you are taking an online class, and you are looking to buy a new computer because your old one died. The class starts in two days. The market for computers is very competitive. There are several brands that have similar characteristics, such as storage capacity, processor speed, number of USB ports, etc., but you have owned one that you liked, and you want to buy that same brand, the X-Mark. You have a budget of $1,750. One popular store has the brand you like on sale for $999.99 because other stores sell them for that price. You have a friend at that store who tells you that the store paid $925 for that computer. Please evaluate and explain the willingness to pay, consumer surplus (calculate), demand, producer surplus (calculate), cost, and willingness to sell this transaction. Define these terms in your explanation, not as separate definitions. Incorporate the meaning into your narrative so that…
- The figure shows the market demand curve for penicillin, an antibiotic medicine. Initially, the market was supplied by perfectly competitive firms. Later, the government granted the exclusive right to produce and sell penicillin to one firm. The figure also shows the marginal revenue curve (MR) of the firm once it begins to operate as a monopoly. The marginal cost is constant at $3. irrespective of the market structure. After the market changes from perfect competition to a monopoly.. OA. social surplus decreases OB. consumer surplus increases. OC. deadweight loss decreases OD. the market price decreases -COD- Price/Cost (5) 10 9 10 20 30 MR 40 60 00 Demand 70 BO so Quanety (units)Some economies are less healthy than they could be because both the market power and economic profit of some favored firms are protected by either government or some private force (e.g. mafia). Present a firm that has market power and is earning economic profit when it is maximizing profit. Explain how competition could help consumers by showing how the profit maximizing point for this firm might change, to the advantage of consumers, if competitors entered this market and competed against this firm.Suppose there are only two gas stations in the remote town of Nome, Alaska and they are competitors. If one of them goes out of business, what will happen to the demand curve for the remaining gas station? In addition, what do you think will happen to prices? The graph below shows a demand for gasoline, with the price of gas and the sales of gas shown below on the graph. P P1 14 22 P2 32 D2 D1 Q1 Q2 Q3 The demand curve will pivot from D1 to D2 and prices will rise as demand becomes more inelastic. The demand will shift to the left, indicating lower demand when there are fewer stations. The demand curve will not change since everyone needs gas no matter what the price. The demand curve will pivot from D2 to D1 and prices will rise as demand becomes more inelastic. 00
- Identify whether or not each of the following scenarios describes a competitive market, along with the correct explanation of why or why not. Is the market competitive? Scenario In a college town, students choose between two providers of wireless internet access. All student housing is wired for both companies, and the internet service offered by both providers is equally fast and reliable. Several online retailers sell vintage crewneck sweatshirts. Each shop's crewnecks are characterized by the style of that particular brand. In addition, some producers use only cotton while others use a polyester blend, a distinction reflected in the price of the crewnecks. There are thousands of ninth and tenth graders in need of geometry tutoring services in San Francisco. Of the twenty or so companies in town currently offering geometry tutoring, parents of high schoolers view the quality of each individual tutoring service to be about the same. The government grants a patent to a pharmaceutical…You decide to create a burger restaurant named BurgerDeals to help pay for college fees. The table below contains total pricing information for your single product, large extra-cheese burger. Your town's burger market is fiercely competitive, with big extra-cheese burger selling for $7 on average. Fill in the blanks in the table and answer the following question. If you produce at the profit-maximizing level (or loss-minimizing level), what is the amount of economic profit (or loss) per burger will you make?In 1983, Motorola accounted for seventy five percent of the mobile phone market. But by 2019, its market share had shrunk to just 2.2%. In 1983, the Motorola launched one of the world’s first commercially available mobile phones—the DynaTAC 8000X. Motorola went on to launch a few more devices over the next few years and quickly became a dominant player in the emerging industry. In the early days of the market, the company’s only serious competitor was Finnish multinational Nokia. By the mid-1990s, other competitors like Sony and Siemens started to gain some solid footing, which chipped away at Motorola’s dominance. In September 1995, the company’s market share was down to 32.1%. By January 1999, Nokia surpassed Motorola as the leading mobile phone manufacturer, accounting for 21.4% of global market share. That put it just slightly ahead of Motorola’s 20.8%. Describe the market for mobile phones in 1983 and illustrate how equilibrium price and quantity determined in this industry and…