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How are the "types ot veterbrae" modified in birds, relative to other amniotes? How is the axial skeleton adapted in birds AND primates, relative to other tetrapods? Explain how those changes relate to their upright posture and bipedal locomotion..
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- Is the vertebral column a synapomorphy or symplesiomorphy among thevertebrates? ExplainAre the chelicerae of horseshoe crabs homologous or analogous to (1) scorpion pedipalps? (2) grasshopper mandibles? Explain.What skeletal structures behind the mandibular arch in the dogfish appear to be homologous with the mandibular arch? What features of the dogfish appear to be homologous with the spiracle? What supportive function does the hyomandibular have in the dogfish? Fig 13.2 Basic skeletal structures of the head of a small shark known as a dogfish.
- Hoplophoneus primaevus Skeleton vs Siberian Tiger Skeleton vs Smilodon Necator SkeltonCompare and contrast the appearance of specific bones in the skeleton. Compare the skeleton of the extinct creatures with the extant creature, and with themselves. How might the variation in anatomy link to the likely function? Compare species' skeletal anatomy based on life history (aquatic vs terrestrial). What are other interesting factors noted in the skeletons?How does the alligator snout become elongated relative to the salamander’s? Does it add new bones, or change the shape of pre-existing (in amphibian ancestors) bones?Nimravids Skeleton vs Siberian Tiger Skeleton vs Smilodon Necator SkeltonCompare and contrast the appearance of specific bones in the skeleton. Compare the skeleton of the extinct creatures with the extant creature, and with themselves. How might the variation in anatomy link to the likely function? Compare species' skeletal anatomy based on life history (aquatic vs terrestrial). What are other interesting factors noted in the skeletons?
- Name and describe the bones of the upper pr lower jaw of frog?What new connection/articulation is made by the tetrapod pelvic girdle, relative to fish? To which bone of the pelvis is this attachment made?(a). Describe the adaptations on the body of amniotes to fully live on land. (b). Turtles have a shell to protect them externally. Draw a labelled cross section diagram of a turtle skeleton and shell. Compare the bony skeleton of turtles with other shell-less vertebrates.
- Describe three important differences between the skeletons of the crayfish and the pig.In terms of the differences between the opossum, bird, bat, and mole skeletons, which is most like the human (and therefore, most primitive or generalized)? Which is least like the human and, therefore, the most specialized?specifically, what is the typical fate of the coracoids and clavicle in the tetrapod pectoral girdle? asap