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for the following mechanism proposed for the decompostioon of hydrogen peroxide using potassium bromide
(see image)
which of the following are catalysts
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- The following equation represents a reversible decomposition: CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g) Under what conditions will decomposition in a closed container proceed to completion so that no CaCO3 remains?Substances that poison a catalyst pose a major concern for many engineering designs, including those for catalytic converters. One design option is to add materials that react with potential poisons before they reach the catalyst. Among the commonly encountered catalyst poisons are silicon and phosphorus, which typically form phosphate or silicate ions in the oxidizing environment of an engine. Group 2 elements are added to the catalyst to react with these contaminants before they reach the working portion of the catalytic converter. If estimates show that a catalytic converter will be exposed to 625 g of silicon during its lifetime, what mass of beryllium would need to be included in the design?Activated complex 400 (b) 300 Products Potential Energy (a) 200 (c) 100 Reactants Reaction Pathway Activated complex 400 (b) 300 Products Potential Energy (a) 200 (c) 100 Reactants Reaction Pathway Alex thinks that the graph above represents an exothermic reaction and the AH = +400kJ and energy will be released in this reaction. Is Alex correct? If not, find his error and then correct it with explanation. %3D
- Hydrogen peroxide has a density of 1.45 g/cm^3 and decomposes spontaneously but slowly. The steps catalyzed in shown below: H2O2(aq) + I- (ag) > H20(l)+ Ol(aq) H2O2›(aq) + Ol -(aq) > H2O(l) +O2 (g) + l(aq) If 10 ml of h2o2 undergoes this reaction what mass of oxygen is produced?Potential Energy (kJ) 1. Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction. (i) Cl₂ (g) + Pt (s) → 2Cl (g) + Pt (s) AH = -950 kJ Ea = 1550 kJ Ea = 2240 kJ (ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) → CICO (g) + Pt (s) AH = 575 kJ (iii) Cl (g) + CICO (g) → Cl₂CO (g) Ea = 2350 kJ AH = -825 kJ 2600 2400 2200 2000 a. Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction. Label the data points for clarity. The potential energy of the reactants is 600 kJ 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 -200- -400 -600- -800 Reaction ProgressConsider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction.(i) Cl2 (g) + Pt (s) à 2Cl (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ ∆H = – 950 kJ(ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) à ClCO (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 2240 kJ ∆H = 575 kJ(iii) Cl (g) + ClCO (g) à Cl2CO (g) Ea = 2350 kJ ∆H = – 825 kJ e. Which reaction intermediate would be considered a catalyst (if any) and why?f. If you were to add 2700kJ of activation energy to the reaction, would you be able to make thereaction reverse itself (i.e. have the products become reactants)? Justify your answer.g. If you were to added a positive catalyst to step (iii) what would the end result be? Justify yourprediction. h. Your friend is looking at your graph and states that she believes that step (ii) is the ratedetermining step. Do you agree with her? Justify your reasoning.
- Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction.(i) Cl2 (g) + Pt (s) à 2Cl (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ ∆H = – 950 kJ(ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) à ClCO (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 2240 kJ ∆H = 575 kJ(iii) Cl (g) + ClCO (g) à Cl2CO (g) Ea = 2350 kJ ∆H = – 825 kJ a. Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction. Label the data points for clarity.The potential energy of the reactants is 600 kJ. b. What is the overall chemical equation? c. What is the overall change in enthalpy for the above chemical reaction? d. What is the overall amount of activation energy for the above chemical reaction? e. Which reaction intermediate would be considered a catalyst (if any) and why? f. If you were to add 2700kJ of activation energy to the reaction, would you be able to make the reaction reverse itself (i.e. have the products become reactants)? Justify your answer. g. If you were to added a positive catalyst to step (iii) what would the end result be? Justify…Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction.(i) Cl2 (g) + Pt (s) à 2Cl (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ ∆H = – 950 kJ(ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) à ClCO (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 2240 kJ ∆H = 575 kJ(iii) Cl (g) + ClCO (g) à Cl2CO (g) Ea = 2350 kJ ∆H = – 825 kJ e. Which reaction intermediate would be considered a catalyst (if any) and why?f. If you were to add 2700kJ of activation energy to the reaction, would you be able to make thereaction reverse itself (i.e. have the products become reactants)? Justify your answer.g. If you were to added a positive catalyst to step (iii) what would the end result be? Justify yourprediction.h. Your friend is looking at your graph and states that she believes that step (ii) is the ratedetermining step. Do you agree with her? Justify your reasoning.For this reaction: Pa(s) +3 02 (g) - POg (s) + heat Which of the following changes would INCREASE the initial rate of the reaction? More than one answer may be correct. Select all that apply. O Grind the solid phosphorus into a fine powder O Use more 02 (g) in the reaction mixture Heat the reaction to a higher temperature O Add an appropriate catalyst Increase the volume of the reaction vessel Hydrazine, a rocket propellant, can be made from its elements according to this reaction: 8 H2 + 3 N2 N2H4 + 4 NH3 (ammonia is also made) When the individual rate of the H2 disappearance is -0.00795 M/s, what is the individual rate for N2?
- Rank these reactions from slowest to fastest. Explain (a) Al(s)+AgNO3 (aq) (b) Zn(s)+Pb(NO3 ) 2 (aq) (c) Au(s)+H2 O(l) (d) Mg(s)+H2 SO4 (aq) (e) Ca(s)+H2 O(l); A(s)+HC(aq)For each of the changes listed will the rate of the following chemical reaction increase, decrease, or remain the same? Fe(s) + 2HCl(aq) ⟶⟶ FeCl2(aq) + H2(g) a) the concentration of HCl is decreased [ Select ] ["increase rate of reaction", "decrease rate of reaction", "same reaction rate"] b) a catalyst is added to the reaction mixture [ Select ] ["increase rate of reaction", "decrease rate of reaction", "same reaction rate"]O2 consumed by an individual (CO2 exhaled in liters)/(O2 inhaled in liters). It is used as a measure of basal metabolic rate and can indicate which types of molecules are being used by a person to produce energy. For glucose (C6H12O6), this value is 1 as the equation for the complete oxidation of glucose is: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O If 4 of the CO2 molecules are produced by the citric acid cycle, which pathway or enzyme step is likely responsible for the production of the other 2 CO2 molecules produced during the complete oxidation of glucose by metabolism? a) Gluconeogenesis b) Glycolysis c) Beta Oxidation d) Urea Cycle