Dave is a 41-year-old male who was referred by his primary care physician
after presenting to the ER with difficulty breathing. Dave’s physician was
unable to find a medical explanation for his symptoms, which left Dave
feeling confused, stressed, and angry. Over the last 6 months, Dave has had
several instances where he felt an intense fear that would reach a peak within
a few minutes. During these instances, he would also experience sweating,
heart palpitations, chest pain and discomfort, and shortness of breath. At
times, Dave worried that might die. As a result, Dave has persistent worry
about having another attack. In addition, he has begun to avoid unfamiliar
places and people where it may be difficult to get help in the event of another
panic attack. The panic and associated avoidance are significantly impacting
Dave’s life as he has been turning down social invitations, making excuses to
stay at home whenever possible, and relying on his wife to drive their
children to their various activities. Although she was understanding at first,
Dave’s wife has grown frustrated with what she perceives as his irrational
fear of panic attacks
go through the nursing process with Dave
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