Given the output equations for convolutional code: c₁(1)=b (1) + b(1-1) + b(1-2) c₂(1)=b (1-1) + b(1-2) Question: If the received message is r = {100101111100), decode using Viterbi algorithm using Hamming distance as the metric. Identify the most probable path. What is the decoded codeword? Special instruction: Enter your answers only. Do not enclose in square brackets. Do not include spaces in between. Example answer: 101010101110101

Given the output equations for convolutional code: c₁(1)=b (1) + b(1-1) + b(1-2) c₂(1)=b (1-1) + b(1-2) Question: If the received message is r = {100101111100), decode using Viterbi algorithm using Hamming distance as the metric. Identify the most probable path. What is the decoded codeword? Special instruction: Enter your answers only. Do not enclose in square brackets. Do not include spaces in between. Example answer: 101010101110101

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)

13th Edition

ISBN:9780133923605

Author:Robert L. Boylestad

Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P: Visit your local library (at school or home) and describe the extent to which it provides literature...

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please answer with solution Determine the “M” value and number of data bits that can be represented by a single symbol using PSK where the possible phase values per symbol can be {π/4, 3π/4, 5π/4, 7π/4}. a. M=2, N=1 bit per symbol b. M=4, N=2 bit per symbol c. M=6, N=3 bit per symbol d. M=8, N=3 bit per symbol
Draw a block diagram of register transfer language for this equation X+Y+Z: R5⟵R1-R2, R6⟵R5^R3
Adaptive modulation can be used to achieve a trade-off between data rate and communication reliability. Suppose that the coding rate is 0.5 and 32-QAM is used for modulation in a system, then the data rate is information bits per symbol. If we want to achieve a data rate of 5 information bits per symbol with 64-QAM, the coding rate will need to be Enter your answer as a number only_(no characters, letters or units) in the above box. If not an integer, use three decimal places of accuracy.
4. A communication system consists of the transmitter and receiver blocks for 2-bit messages with 3 transmission lines B1, BO, P. Messages represent a 2-bit code (B1, BO) and parity bit P generated at the transmitter side for even parity. The parity checker at the receiver asserts output Error denoted with E (E = 1 if a change of parity is detected. With no parity change, output E = 0). Obtain the following 4a). Truth tables for P and E. 4b). Implement both the parity bit generator and the parity checker with XOR2 or XNOR2 gates. Show the schematics. The parity bit generator at the transmitter has 2 inputs and output P. The parity checker at the receiver side has 3 inputs and output E.
Q25) For NRZ code, if Eb = 9.07 pico Joule and NO =1E-12, then the bit error rate is equal to a)1E-5 b)1E-6 c)none of the mentioned d)1E-4 This multiple choice question from DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS course.just write for me the final answer.
For RZ code, if PB = 1E-4 and NO =1 E-12, then the bit energy is equal to-------- : a. 13.7 pico joule b. 6.7 pico joule c. none of the mentioned d. 8.5 nano joule This multiple choice question from DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS course.just write for me the final answer.
What are the data rate limits? Calculate the maximum bit rate of noiseless channel with a bandwidth of 4000 Hz transmitting a signal with three signal levels.
Question 4: а. Draw the signal constellation that used the QAM defined by the following table given below: Bit Value 000 Amplitude Phase 90 degrees 90 degrees degrees degrees 180 degrees 180 degrees 270 degrees 270 degrees 1 001 010 1 011 100 101 3 110 1 111 b. Using the constellation diagram of part (a) draw the waveform for the following bit stream 101011111001110
SNR of a quantized signal depends on the number of bits. Explain how the number of bits should be chosen for a quantization process.
Huffman codes of A and B are 111 and 01. What is the average number of bits if frequencies of A=0.15 and B=0.23 ?
For the above given signal each bit is separated by a vertical line. If duration of a bit is given as 60 ms, which answer is correct? O a. Data: 1 01101011001 Modulation Rate: 0,4 KBaud Encoding: Differantial Manchester O b. Data: 1 01101011001 Modulation Rate: 0,03 MBaud Encoding: Differantial Manchester O c. Data: 110101101110 Modulation Rate: 0,2 Kbps Encoding: Differantial Manchester O d. Data: 1 01011011100 Modulation Rate: 0,4 MBaud Encoding: Manchester Oe. Data: 1 10101101110 Data Rate: 0,02 Kbps Encoding: Manchester
PART I- PULSE MODULATION a. In your own words, explain the importance of line coder in digital communication. b. In telecommunication, a line code is a pattern of voltage, current, or photons used to represent digital data transmitted down a transmission line. Assuming that you are about to send a set of bit string: 1000 1001 1101 0110 down to the transmission line, illustrate the resulted coded signal after it went through line coder using bi-phase M code formats.