Given the following IEEE 802.15.4 mesh running the RPL protocol. The numbers indicated next to each link is the associated latency. If the objective function is to minimize the communication latency to the Internet, what will be the topology computed by RPL? 1 4 3 C 2 1 Internet 1
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- Consider a network connecting two systems located 4000 kilometers apart. The bandwidth of the network is 500 x Mbps. The propagation speed of the media is 4 × 106 meters per second. It is needed to design a Go-Back-N sliding window protocol for this network. The average packet size is 107 bits. The network is to be used to its full capacity. Assume that processing delays at nodes are negligible. What is the minimum size in bits of the sequence number field?Consider a TCP connection betweek two hosts between A and B. The first data byte sent by A is numbered 1. The LastByteRcvd at B is 500. Then, the range of values SendBase at A may take is from to 500Consider two hosts, A and B that are connected by a transmissions link of2.1 Mbps. Assume that packets are of length 2.0 Kb (Kilobits) and the length of the link is 100Km. a. What is the propagation delay from A to B, that is the amount of time from when the first bit of the packet is transmitted at A, until it is received at B? b. What is the transmission time of the packet at A (the time from when the first bit of the packet is sent into the wire and the time at which the last bit is sent into the wire). c. Suppose now that that length of the link is doubled. What is the propagation delay from A to B now and what is the transmission time? d. Now suppose that node C is connected to node B also by a 2 Mbps, 100 Km link. How long does it take from when the first bit is transmitted by A to when the last bit is received at C, assuming B operates in a store-and -forward manner?
- Let the two host X and Y connected via a packet switch with 107 bits per second links. Switch is placed at 50 km from X. X and Y are located at 100 Kilometer apart also the propagation speed along the link is 2 × 108 m/s. The switch begins forwarding a packet after 0.1 milliseconds it receives the packet. If 1000 bytes of File are needed to be transmitted and each packet size is 500 bytes, the time elapsed between the transmission of the first bit of data and the reception of the last bit of the data in millisecond isA link has a transmission speed of 1010 bits/sec. It uses data packets of size 2000 bytes each. The efficiency of the stop-and-wait protocol in this setup is exactly 30%. Determine the value of the one-way propagation delay in milliseconds. Assume that the acknowledgement has negligibletransmission delay, and its propagation delay is the same as the data propagation delay. Consider the same transmission speed and packet size for Go back-N protocol with window size 8 and find the channel utilization.In a network, two systems are connected and the distance between the system is 5000 km. The propagation speed of the medium is 2 x 107 m/s. The bandwidth of the network is 500 MBps. If the average packet size is 108 bits and the network is used to its full capacity. The minimum size of the sequence number field is n bits. The processing delay at nodes is 0 ms. What is the value of n in case of Go-Back-N sliding window protocol?
- Question 7 Consider the Go-back-N protocol with a sequence number space {0,1,2,3} and a window size N=3, and suppose that the sender wants to send 7 packets in total (excluding retransmissions), where the first packet sent will get sequence number 0. Assume that the 2-nd packet sent by the sender as well as the first ACK with a sequence number of 2 are both lost. All other messages arrive within 1 unit of time, and the sender uses a timeout value of 4 time units before initiating a retransmission. You can assume that the sender sends all packets as soon as possible and we neglect the transmission delay. • List all sequence numbers in the exact order in which they arrive at the receiver. (Note that this includes sequence numbers of packets sent in retransmission.) • What are the values of the send_base and the rcv_base variables after the sender has received the ack for its final packet?In protocol 6, the code for frame arrival has a section used for NAKs. This section is invoked if the incoming frame is a NAK and another condition is met. Give a scenario where the presence of this other condition is essential.Question 8 Suppose that a TCP sender is sending segments with 100 bytes of payload. It sends five segments with sequence numbers 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500. Suppose that the segment with sequence number 300 is lost. What are the ACK values that the receiver returns to the sender after each of the four received segments are received. After receiving segment 100, the receiver responds with an ACK with value: After receiving segment 200, the receiver responds with an ACK with value: After receiving segment 400, the receiver responds with an ACK with value: After receiving segment 500, the receiver responds with an ACK with value: After receiving the retransmitted segment, the receiver responds with an ACK with value:
- This question deals with the Poisson process and is formulated in terms of a subway station. It could as wellbe formulated in terms of a networking problem. A subway station where different train lines intersect is likeswitch/router in the communication network with the different train lines corresponding to what are calledLabelled Switched Paths (LSPs). As for the trains, you can think of them as packets or burst of packets. Onecan draw this analogy also in optical networks which forms the core of the Internet backbone. Two one-way subway lines, the A train line and the B train line, intersect at a transfer station, A trainsand B trains arrive at the station according to independently operating Poisson processes with rates λA =3 trains/hr and λB = 6 trains/hr. We assume that passenger boarding and un-boarding occurs almostinstantaneously. At a random time, Bart, a prospective passenger, arrives at the station, awaiting an A train.[Note that the superposition of two Poisson processes…"An application message is segmented into 20 packets, each of which is 2500-byte in size. Calculate the end-to-end delay in milliseconds (ms) for the message when the bit rate for any node is 10 Mbps, the optical path total distance is 1200-km, and the queuing and processing delays are 1-ms and 3-ms, respectively. There are 2 intermediate routers in the path, each of which uses the store and-forward approach. Round your answer to the nearest integer. Question 16 of 37CIS269 Packet Translation Lab Break down the following IP datagram into its individual fields, listing the value of each. Hint: It’s an IP datagram containing a TCP segment containing another protocol… 45 00 00 31 94 00 40 00 80 06 1B 9F 80 A3 C9 29 D8 45 29 15 04 09 00 15 00 00 C3 A1 DF 65 A8 45 50 18 20 AA 8E 8C 00 00 43 57 44 20 66 75 6E 0D 0A