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- Hexanoic acid was added to an immiscible biphasic solvent system, water and CCl4 at 20.0OC and the equilibrium concentrations of hexanoic acid were determined to be 3.66 g/L in H2O and 67.0 g/L in CCl4. Caluclate the distrubution coeffiecent (D2) of hexanoic acid in water with respect to CCl4.You were given a mixture of two miscible solvent A and B that you are tasked to separate. You know that solvent A has a boiling point of 49 oC while solvent B has a boiling point of 174 oC. Which of the listed method would overall be the most efficient? Fractional distillation Recrystallization Solid-liquid extraction Liquid-liquid extraction Simple distillation Acid-Base extractionCarboxylic acids, including fatty acids and benzoic acids, are often present inboth municipal and industrial effluents. Describe a sample preparationcombined with GC method for identification and determination of carboxylicacids in raw wastewater at ppb (µg L-1) level. Point out a suitable samplepreparation technique and GC conditions in details and give justifications foryour choice
- A mixture of the two compounds shown below is dissolved in ether. Using the information given in the experiment, select all the correct statements regarding the extraction and isolation of the two compounds. oja OH X Y QA. Y can be extracted from the organic layer using sodium hydroxide. OB. X can precipitate out of the aqueous layer by the addition of sodium hydroxide to the salt of X. OC. X can be extracted from the organic layer using sodium hydroxide. OD. Y can precipitate out of the aqueous layer by the addition of sodium hydroxide to the salt of Y.To determine the soil distribution coefficient (Kd), 10 g of dry soil is spiked with 100 mg of ring-labeled 14C-atrazine, 10 mL of deionized water is added, and the system is shaken for 24 hours. The aqueous and solid phases are separated, and the solid phase is extracted with 50 mL of methylene chloride while the aqueous phase is extracted with three successive 5 mL portions of methylene chloride. The atrazine concentration in the 50 mL of soil extract is 10 mg/L, and the concentration in the combined 15 mL from the aqueous extractions is 0.4 mg/L. Based on this information, calculate Kd.3. Carboxylic acids, including fatty acids and benzoic acids, are often present in both municipal and industrial effluents. Describe a sample preparation combined with GC method for identification and determination of carboxylic acids in raw wastewater at ppb (Hg L-1) level. Point out a suitable sample preparation technique and GC conditions in details and give justifications for your choice. `OH Heptanoic acid LOH Benzoic acid ÇH3 он H3C ČH3 4-Methylbenzoic acid 2,4-Dimethylbenzoic acid
- The liquid-liquid extraction is the classical technique in chemistry to isolate a target component from a mixture. Organic Solvent is the usual solvent being used along with water. TRUE or FALSEThe separation and purification processes given below and the method used against them are given. Which or which of these pairings are correct? Brewing the tea - Extraction Purification of water from impurities-Chromatography Separating olive pomace from oil while olive oil is being produced - Decantation Obtaining oil fractions - Ordinary distillation Obtaining essential oils and using them in perfume making - Water-steam distillation A. I, IV, V B. I, II, III, IV, V C. I, II, V D. I, II, III, V E. I, II, III, IVThe following chromatogram was the output of the analysis of phytosterols in plants by gas chromatography. Cholesterol Campesterol Stigmasterol Brassicasterel osteral 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 Min From the chromatogram which compound had the lowest boiling point? A Campesterol B Stigmasterol Cholesterol
- 4g 5 g 2 g 100 g 49." R Lactic acid Salicylic acid Trichloroacetic acid Flexible collodion qs ad Sig: wart remover. Use as directed. (a) Flexible collodion contains 20% w/w camphor and 30% w/w castor oil. How many grams of each would be contained in 30 g of the mixture? (b) The specific gravity of castor oil is 0.955. How many milliliters of the oil is contained in 30 g of the mixture? (c) If the specific gravity of the mixture is 0.781, what are the percent w/v con- centrations of lactic acid, salicylic acid, and trichloroacetic acid in the mixture?Suppose you have an organic sample X that is somewhat soluble in water, even though it issomewhat more soluble in dichloromethane or ether solvents. But if you do a singleextraction, you get only 60% of your material to transfer from the water to the organic layer.How many “washes” would it take to extract over 90% of your organic material extracted fromthe water layer?The separation and purification processes given below and the method used against them are given. Which or which of these pairings are correct? I. Brewing of tea - ExtractionII. Purification of water impurities - ChromatographyIII. Separation of olive pomace from olive oil while producing olive oil-DecantationIV.Petroleum fractions obtaining - Ordinary distillationV. Obtaining essential oils and using them in perfume making - Water-steam distillation