[Fracture Toughness] There is an aircraft component made of an aluminum alloy. The plane strain fracture toughness of the component is given to be Kic. It has been determined that, when the maximum (or critical) internal crack length is 2a₁, fracture occurs at a stress of 0₁. For this same component and alloy (the same Y), determine whether fracture occur at a stress level of 0₂ when the maximum internal crack length is 2a2. Use Kc = 25 MPa√m; o₁ = 250 MPa; 2a₁ 2.0mm; 0₂ 385 MPa; 2a₂ = 1.0mm =
Design Against Fluctuating Loads
Machine elements are subjected to varieties of loads, some components are subjected to static loads, while some machine components are subjected to fluctuating loads, whose load magnitude tends to fluctuate. The components of a machine, when rotating at a high speed, are subjected to a high degree of load, which fluctuates from a high value to a low value. For the machine elements under the action of static loads, static failure theories are applied to know the safe and hazardous working conditions and regions. However, most of the machine elements are subjected to variable or fluctuating stresses, due to the nature of load that fluctuates from high magnitude to low magnitude. Also, the nature of the loads is repetitive. For instance, shafts, bearings, cams and followers, and so on.
Design Against Fluctuating Load
Stress is defined as force per unit area. When there is localization of huge stresses in mechanical components, due to irregularities present in components and sudden changes in cross-section is known as stress concentration. For example, groves, keyways, screw threads, oil holes, splines etc. are irregularities.
![[Fracture Toughness] There is an aircraft component made of an aluminum alloy. The plane strain fracture
toughness of the component is given to be Kic. It has been determined that, when the maximum (or critical) internal
crack length is 2a₁, fracture occurs at a stress of 0₁.
For this same component and alloy (the same Y), determine whether fracture occur at a stress level of 0₂ when the
maximum internal crack length is 2a₂.)
Use Kic 25 MPaym; 61
=
= 250 MPa; 2a₁ 2.0mm; 0₂
-
-
385 MPa, 2a2
= 1.0mm](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe7350de4-ac93-41b8-bdcc-6b41afd7b2b8%2F2ab88515-da78-4a14-bfb0-a845ca40a21b%2Fkj790ub_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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