The intracellular use of glucose and glycogen is tightly regulated at four points. To compare the regulation of glycolysiswhen oxygen is plentiful and when it is depleted, consider the utilization of glucose and glycogen by rabbit leg muscle intwo physiological settings: a resting rabbit and a rabbit that saw its mortal enemy, the coyote, and is dashing to its burrow.For each setting determine the relative levels of the following metabolites:MetaboliteResting.rabbitDashing rabbitAMP( Select)[ Select )ATP( Select)( Select )Citrate[ Select)( Select )Acetyl-CoA[ Select }( Select )>

Glycolysis is catabolism of glucose to pyruvate with formation of ATP. Glycogen is the stored form…

Answered: For each setting determine the relative…

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Biochemistry

For each setting determine the relative levels of the following metabolites:

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Refer to Figure, which indicates ∆G for each glycolytic reaction under intracellular conditions. Assume that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was inhibited with iodoacetate, which reacts with its active site cysteine sulfhydryl group. Which glycolytic intermediate would you expect to accumulate most rapidly, and why?
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A number of genetic deficiencies in acyl CoA dehydrogenases have been described. This deficiency presents early in life after a period of fasting. Symptoms include vomiting, lethargy, and sometimes coma. Not only are blood levels of glucose low ( hypoglycemia), but starvation-induced ketosis is absent. Provide a biochemical explanation for these last two observations.
The glucose/glucose-6-phosphate substrate cycle involves distinct reactions of glycolysis and gluconcogenesis that interconvert these two metabolites. Assume that under physiological conditions, [ATP] = [ADP] and [Pi] =1 mM. Consider the following glycolytic reaction catalyzed by hexokinase: ATP + glucose = AG' = -16.7 kJ/mol ADP + glucose-6-phosphate (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant (K) for this reaction at 298 K, and from that, calculate the maximum [glucose-6-phosphate]/[glucose] ratio that would exist under conditions where the reaction is still thermody- namically favorable. (b) The reverse of this interconversion in gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphatase: glucose-6-phosphate + H,0 = glucose + P, AGr = -13.8 kJ/mol K= 262 for this reaction. Calculate the maximum ratio of [glucose]/ [glucose-6-phosphate] that would exist under conditions where the reaction is still thermodynamically favorable. (c) Under what cellular conditions would both directions in the…
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Isomaltose (an isomer of maltose), one of the degradation products of starch is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to its intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the no. of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of isomaltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. Answer the ff.: a) Total no. of glucose molecules entering glycolysis b) Total no. of pyruvate mols. produced at the end of glycolysis c) Total no. of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex d) Total no. of CO2 released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction e) Total no. of acetyl CoA mols. entering the Citric Acid Cycle f) Total no. of net cytosolic ATP mols. produced right after glycolysis g) Total no. of all NADH mols. produced after complete oxidation h) Total no. of all FADH2 mols. produced after complete oxidation i) Total no. of all mitochondrial…
The glucose/glucose-6-phosphate substrate cycle involves distinct reactions of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis that interconvert these two metabolites. Assume that under physiological conditions, [ATP] = [ADP]; [P;] = 1 mM. Consider the glycolytic reaction catalyzed by hexokinase: ATP + glucose ADP + glucose-6-phosphate AG = - 16.7 kJ/mol (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant (K) for this reaction at 298°K, and from that, calculate the maximum [glucose-6-phosphate]/ Iglucose] ratio that would exist under conditions where the reaction is still thermodynamically favorable. (b) Reversal of this interconversion in gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphatase: glucose-6-phosphate + H20 = glucose + P AG" = -13.8 kJ/mol