Flight evolved two times among the animals in this phylogenetic tree; once in birds, and once in bats (mammals). The branches on which flight evolved are marked. Please click where flight would have most likely evolved if it were actually a homologous character Flight Flight Hagfish Lampreys Lobe-finned Fish Amphibians Turtles Lizards Snakes Crocodiles Birds Mammals

Flight evolved two times among the animals in this phylogenetic tree; once in birds, and once in bats (mammals). The branches on which flight evolved are marked. Please click where flight would have most likely evolved if it were actually a homologous character Flight Flight Hagfish Lampreys Lobe-finned Fish Amphibians Turtles Lizards Snakes Crocodiles Birds Mammals

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter24: Systematics And Phylogenetics: Revealing The Tree Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: The phylogenetic tree for 12 cat species (Felidae) reproduced at right was assembled from molecular...

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Hagfish Salamander Lizard Perch Mouse Chimp Pigeon Feathers Fur; mammary glands Claws or nails ungs Jaws Fig. 1. Cladogram on some vertebrates Related questions: 1. What is the synapomorhpy shared by the mouse and chimpanzee? Answer: 2. Specify the apomorphy of the pigeon. Answer: 3. Jaw is present to what taxa? Answer:
EVOLUTION CONNECTION Darwin suggested looking at aspecies’ close relatives to learn what its ancestors may havebeen like. Explain how his suggestion anticipates recentmethods, such as phylogenetic bracketing and the use ofoutgroups in cladistic analysis.
Consider the cladogram representing most of the major classes of animals. Consider the point A in the cladogram. What characteristic(s) might be used to separate fish from the other animals following in the cladogram? hale symmetnical ancestor O Endoskeleton O Non-terrestrial O Four legs or supports O The presence of scales
Based on this phylogenetic tree, which organisms are the most closely related? கomanmamaii(Somthem Mink NMa) A ocutorostrara (Northern Minke Whale) Aphysahus (Fin Whale) 1. అజేయి (ఫ)బ్రు కిథdేలోs Whale) B boreade (Sa Whalej & brydei (Bryde's Whale) Megaptera no nghe (llumplack Whae) EsclrichitiK ahustu(Gray Whi Megaptera novaeangliae (Humpback Whale) and Eschrichtius robustus (Gray Whale) B. brydei (Bryde's Whale) and B. edeni (Pygmy Bryde's Whale) B. musculus (Blue Whale) and B. physalus (Fin Whale) B. acutostrata (Northern Minke Whale) and B. edeni (Pygmy Bryde's Whale)
EVOLUTION CONNECTION Living members of a vertebratelineage can be very different from early members of the lineage,and evolutionary reversals (character losses) are common. Giveexamples that illustrate these observations, and explain theirevolutionary causes.
Evolution of Whales This is an example of how microevolutionary changes eventually result in the formation of a by macroevolution. 1. How many species are in the diagram? 2. What living animal are whales most closely related to? 3. What happened to whales' closest cousins? Outgroup Masonychia Perissodactyla Gujaratia pakistanensis Wasatchian Diacodexts Homacodon Tylopoda Sulformes Ruminantia Anthracotheres Cebochoerus Hippopotamids Khirtharia Indohyus Cetacea Distantly Related Mammal Extinct Ancestor Group Rhinos, Horses, Tapirs Pigs Cows/Sheep Hippos Extinct Artiodactyl Extinct Whale "Cousin" Modern Whales
This West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is an aquaticmammal. Like amphibians and reptiles, mammals are tetrapods (vertebrates with four limbs). Explain why manatees areconsidered tetrapods even though they lack hind limbs, andsuggest traits that manatees likely share with leopards andother mammals (see Figure 26.12b). Discuss how early members of the manatee lineage might have differed from today’smanatees.
Why are simpler structures considered ancestral when we study phylogeny? * 1 point Complex structures often evolve from simpler ones. Time element is a major consideration. The presence of a character state among some members of a lineage and an outgroup indicates that the character is ancestral. Simpler structures were more likely to be found in fossil records.
If picta most closely resembles the ancestor species of Ensatina, where do you think the ancestors lived? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDIQFQOCGaI
The phylogenetic tree below depicts the evolutionary relation among a subset of ants. The Taxa shaded in correspond to groups that have evolved jaw-like type of structures. Based on this trait, the subfamilies Formicinae and Mymicinae form what type of phyletic relationship? # Trap-jaws have evolved at least once in each of the highlighted clades. O polyphyletic group. monophyletic group. O paraphyletic group. 80 F3 000 000 F4 $ % F5 5 C C F6 Formicinae Myrmicinae Ectatomminae Heteroponerinae Dolichoderinae Aneuretinae Pseudomyrmecinae Myrmeciinae Aenictinae Dorylinae Ecitoninae Cerapachyinae Leptanilloidinae Ponerinae Agroecomyrmecinae Paraponerinae Amblyoponinae Proceratiinae Leptanillinae & ◄◄ F7 7 3486689 Myrmoteras DII F8 Strumigenys Odontomachus Mystrium DD ( F9 0 B F10
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Herbivory (plant eating) has evolvedrepeatedly in insects, typically from meat-eating or detritusfeeding ancestors (detritus is dead organic matter). Moths andbutterflies, for example, eat plants, whereas their “sister group”(the insect group to which they are most closely related), thecaddisflies, feed on animals, fungi, or detritus. As illustrated in the following phylogenetic tree, the combined moth/butterflyand caddisfly group shares a common ancestor with flies andfleas. Like caddisflies, flies and fleas are thought to have evolvedfrom ancestors that did not eat plants. There are 140,000 species of moths and butterflies and 7,000species of caddisflies. State a hypothesis about the impact ofherbivory on adaptive radiations in insects. How could thishypothesis be tested?
EVOLUTION CONNECTION A professor begins a lecture onanimal phylogeny (as shown in Figure 32.11) by saying, “We areall worms.” In this context, what did she mean?