f G is a finite group and Z is its centre, then class equation of G is expressi o(G) o(G) = o(Z) + E o(N(a)) a & Z where the summation runs over one element a in each conjugate class.
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- 9. Find all homomorphic images of the octic group.Prove part c of Theorem 3.4. Theorem 3.4: Properties of Group Elements Let G be a group with respect to a binary operation that is written as multiplication. The identity element e in G is unique. For each xG, the inverse x1 in G is unique. For each xG,(x1)1=x. Reverse order law: For any x and y in G, (xy)1=y1x1. Cancellation laws: If a,x, and y are in G, then either of the equations ax=ay or xa=ya implies that x=y.Let H1={ [ 0 ],[ 6 ] } and H2={ [ 0 ],[ 3 ],[ 6 ],[ 9 ] } be subgroups of the abelian group 12 under addition. Find H1+H2 and determine if the sum is direct.
- 1.Prove part of Theorem . Theorem 3.4: Properties of Group Elements Let be a group with respect to a binary operation that is written as multiplication. The identity element in is unique. For each, the inverse in is unique. For each . Reverse order law: For any and in ,. Cancellation laws: If and are in , then either of the equations or implies that .In Example 3, the group S(A) is nonabelian where A={ 1,2,3 }. Exhibit a set A such that S(A) is abelian. Example 3. We shall take A={ 1,2,3 } and obtain an explicit example of S(A). In order to define an element f of S(A), we need to specify f(1), f(2), and f(3). There are three possible choices for f(1). Since f is to be bijective, there are two choices for f(2) after f(1) has been designated, and then only once choice for f(3). Hence there are 3!=321 different mappings f in S(A).9. Suppose that and are subgroups of the abelian group such that . Prove that .
- True or False Label each of the following statements as either true or false. Let H1,H2 be finite groups of an abelian group G. Then | H1H2 |=| H1 |+| H2 |.17. Let and be elements of a group. Prove that is abelian if and only if .Exercises 8. Find an isomorphism from the group in Example of this section to the multiplicative group . Sec. 16. Prove that each of the following sets is a subgroup of , the general linear group of order over .
- For each of the following values of n, find all distinct generators of the group Un described in Exercise 11. a. n=7 b. n=5 c. n=11 d. n=13 e. n=17 f. n=19Let G be an abelian group of order 2n, where n is odd. Use Lagranges Theorem to prove that G contains exactly one element of order 2.Exercises 21. Suppose is a cyclic group of order. Determine the number of generators of for each value of and list all the distinct generators of . a. b. c. d. e. f.