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- The following product costs are available for Kellee Company on the production of eyeglass frames: direct materials, $32,125; direct labor, $23.50; manufacturing overhead, applied at 225% of direct labor cost; selling expenses, $22,225; and administrative expenses, $31,125. The direct labor hours worked for the month are 3,200 hours. A. What are the prime costs? B. What are the conversion costs? C. What is the total product cost? D. What is the total period cost? E. If 6.425 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent material cost per unit? F. What is the equivalent conversion cost per unit?Algers Company produces dry fertilizer. At the beginning of the year, Algers had the following standard cost sheet: Algers computes its overhead rates using practical volume, which is 54,000 units. The actual results for the year are as follows: a. Units produced: 53,000 b. Direct materials purchased: 274,000 pounds at 2.50 per pound c. Direct materials used: 270,300 pounds d. Direct labor: 40,100 hours at 17.95 per hour e. Fixed overhead: 161,700 f. Variable overhead: 122,000 Required: 1. Compute price and usage variances for direct materials. 2. Compute the direct labor rate and labor efficiency variances. 3. Compute the fixed overhead spending and volume variances. Interpret the volume variance. 4. Compute the variable overhead spending and efficiency variances. 5. Prepare journal entries for the following: a. The purchase of direct materials b. The issuance of direct materials to production (Work in Process) c. The addition of direct labor to Work in Process d. The addition of overhead to Work in Process e. The incurrence of actual overhead costs f. Closing out of variances to Cost of Goods SoldIncome Statements under Absorption and Variable Costing In the coming year, Kalling Company expects to sell 28,700 units at 32 each. Kallings controller provided the following information for the coming year: Required: 1. Calculate the cost of one unit of product under absorption costing. 2. Calculate the cost of one unit of product under variable costing. 3. Calculate operating income under absorption costing for next year. 4. Calculate operating income under variable costing for next year.
- Hart Manufacturing makes three products. Each product requires manufacturing operations in three departments: A, B, and C. The labor-hour requirements, by department, are as follows: During the next production period the labor-hours available are 450 in department A, 350 in department B, and 50 in department C. The profit contributions per unit are 25 for product 1, 28 for product 2, and 30 for product 3. a. Formulate a linear programming model for maximizing total profit contribution. b. Solve the linear program formulated in part (a). How much of each product should be produced, and what is the projected total profit contribution? c. After evaluating the solution obtained in part (b), one of the production supervisors noted that production setup costs had not been taken into account. She noted that setup costs are 400 for product 1, 550 for product 2, and 600 for product 3. If the solution developed in part (b) is to be used, what is the total profit contribution after taking into account the setup costs? d. Management realized that the optimal product mix, taking setup costs into account, might be different from the one recommended in part (b). Formulate a mixed-integer linear program that takes setup costs provided in part (c) into account. Management also stated that we should not consider making more than 175 units of product 1, 150 units of product 2, or 140 units of product 3. e. Solve the mixed-integer linear program formulated in part (d). How much of each product should be produced and what is the projected total profit contribution? Compare this profit contribution to that obtained in part (c).The following product Costs are available for Haworth Company on the production of chairs: direct materials, $15,500; direct labor, $22.000; manufacturing overhead, $16.500; selling expenses, $6,900; and administrative expenses, $15,200. What are the prime costs? What are the conversion costs? What is the total product cost? What is the total period cost? If 7,750 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent material cost per unit? If 22,000 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent conversion cost per unit?Identify cost graphs The following cost graphs illustrate various types of cost behavior: For each of the following costs, identify the cost graph that best illustrates its cost behavior as the number of units produced increases: A. Total direct materials cost B. Electricity costs of 1,000 per month plus 0.10 per kilowatt-hour C. Per-unit cost of straight-line depreciation on factory equipment D. Salary of quality control supervisor, 20,000 per month E. Per-unit direct labor cost
- Natur-Gro, Inc., manufactures composters. Based on past experience, Natur-Gro has found that its total annual overhead costs can be represented by the following formula: Overhead cost = 264,000 + 1.42X, where X equals number of composters. Last year, Natur-Gro produced 30,000 composters. Actual overhead costs for the year were as expected. Total overhead for per unit was a. 1.42 b. 8.80 c. 11.63 d. 10.22SmokeCity, Inc., manufactures barbeque smokers. Based on past experience, SmokeCity has found that its total annual overhead costs can be represented by the following formula: Overhead cost = 543,000 + 1.34X, where X equals number of smokers. Last year, SmokeCity produced 20,000 smokers. Actual overhead costs for the year were as expected. Required: 1. What is the driver for the overhead activity? 2. What is the total overhead cost incurred by SmokeCity last year? 3. What is the total fixed overhead cost incurred by SmokeCity last year? 4. What is the total variable overhead cost incurred by SmokeCity last year? 5. What is the overhead cost per unit produced? 6. What is the fixed overhead cost per unit? 7. What is the variable overhead cost per unit? 8. Recalculate Requirements 5, 6, and 7 for the following levels of production: (a) 19,500 units and (b) 21,600 units. (Round your answers to the nearest cent.) Explain this outcome.Genuine Spice Inc. began operations on January 1 of the current year. The company produces 8-ounce bottles of hand and body lotion called Eternal Beauty. The lotion is sold wholesale in 12-bottle cases for 100 per case. There is a selling commission of 20 per case. The January direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs are as follows: DIRECT MATERIALS Cost Behavior Units per Case Cost per Unit Direct Materials Cost per Case Cream base Variable 100 ozs. 0.02 2.00 Natural oils Variable 30ozs. 0.30 9.00 Bottle (8-OZ-) Variable 12 bottles 0.50 6.00 17.00 DIRECT LABOR Department Cost Behavior Time per Case Labor Rate per Hour Direct Labor Cost per Case Mixing Variable 20 min. 18.00 6.00 Filling Variable 5 14.40 1.2 25 min. 7.20 FACTORY OVERHEAD Cost Behavior Total Cost Utilities Mixed 600 Facility lease Fixed 14,000 Equipment depreciation Fixed 4,300 Supplies Fixed 660 19,560 Part ABreak-Even Analysis The management of Genuine Spice Inc. wishes to determine the number of cases required to break even per month. The utilities cost, which is part of factory overhead, is a mixed cost. The following information was gathered from the first six months of operation regarding this cost: Month Case Production Utility Total Cost January 500 600 February 800 660 March 1,200 740 April 1,100 720 May 950 690 June 1,025 705 Instructions 1. Determine the fixed and variable portions of the utility cost using the high-low method. 2. Determine the contribution margin per ease. 3. Determine the fixed costs per month, including the utility fixed cost from part (1). 4. Determine the break-even number of cases per month. Part BAugust Budgets During July of the current year, the management of Genuine Spice Inc. asked the controller to prepare August manufacturing and income statement budgets. Demand was expected to be 1,500 cases at 100 per case for August. Inventory planning information is provided as follows: Finished Goods Inventory: Cases Cost Estimated finished goods inventory, August 1 300 12,000 Desired finished goods inventory, August 31 175 7,000 Materials Inventory: Cream Base (ozs.) Oils (ozs.) Bottles (bottles) Estimated materials inventory, August 1 250 290 600 Desired materials inventory, August 31 1,000 360 240 There was negligible work in process inventory assumed for either the beginning or end of the month; thus, none was assumed. In addition, there was no change in tile cost per unit or estimated units per case operating data from January. Instructions 5. Prepare the August production budget. 6. Prepare the August direct materials purchases budget. 7. Prepare the August direct labor budget. Round the hours required for production to the nearest hour. 8. Prepare the August factory overhead budget. 9. Prepare the August budgeted income statement, including selling expenses. Part CAugust Variance Analysis During September of the current year, the controller was asked to perform variance analyses for August. The January operating data provided the standard prices, rates, times, and quantities per case. There were 1,500 actual cases produced during August, which was 250 more cases than planned at the Beginning of the month. Actual data for August were as follows: Actual Direct Materials Price per Unit Actual Direct Materials Quantity per Case Cream base 0.016 per oz. 102 ozs. Natural oils 0.32 per oz. 31 ozs. Bottle (8 oz.) 0.42 per bottle 12.5 bottles Actual Direct Labor Rate Actual Direct Labor Time per Case Mixing 18.20 19.50 min. Filling 14.00 5.60 min. Actual variable overhead 305.00 Normal volume 1,600 cases The prices of the materials were different than .standard due to fluctuations in market prices. The standard quantity of materials used per case was an ideal standard. The Mixing Department used a higher grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rale to exceed standard. The Filling Department used a lower grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rate to be less titan standard. Instructions 10. Determine and interpret the direct materials price and quantity variances for the three materials. 11. Determine and interpret the direct labor rate and time variances for the two departments. Round hours to the nearest hour. 12. Determine and interpret the factory overhead controllable variance. 13. Determine and interpret the factory overhead volume variance. 14. Why are the standard direct labor and direct materials costs in the calculations for parts (10) and (11) based on the actual 1,500-case production volume rather than the planned 1,250 cases of production used in the budgets for parts (6) and (7)?
- Preparation of Income Statement: Manufacturing Firm Laworld Inc. manufactures small camping tents. Last year, 200,000 tents were made and sold for 60 each. Each tent includes the following costs: The only selling expenses were a commission of 2 per unit sold and advertising totaling 100,000. Administrative expenses, all fixed, equaled 300,000. There were no beginning or ending finished goods inventories. There were no beginning or ending work-in-process inventories. Required: 1. Calculate the product cost for one tent. Calculate the total product cost for last year. 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Prepare an income statement for external users. Did you need to prepare a supporting statement of cost of goods manufactured? Explain. 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Suppose 200,000 tents were produced (and 200,000 sold) but that the company had a beginning finished goods inventory of 10,000 tents produced in the prior year at 40 per unit. The company follows a first-in, first-out policy for its inventory (meaning that the units produced first are sold first for purposes of cost flow). What effect does this have on the income statement? Show the new statement.A company sells mulch by the cubic yard. Grade A much sells for $150 per cubic yard and has variable costs of $65 per cubic yard. The company has fixed expenses of $15,000 per month. In August, the company sold 240 cubic yards of Grade A mulch. A. Calculate the contribution margin per unit for Grade A mulch. B. Calculate the contribution margin ratio of the Grade A mulch. C. Prepare a contribution margin income statement for the month of August.Ellerson Company provided the following information for the last calendar year: During the year, direct materials purchases amounted to 278,000, direct labor cost was 189,000, and overhead cost was 523,000. During the year, 100,000 units were completed. Required: 1. Calculate the total cost of direct materials used in production. 2. Calculate the cost of goods manufactured. Calculate the unit manufacturing cost. 3. Of the unit manufacturing cost calculated in Requirement 2, 2.70 is direct materials and 5.30 is overhead. What is the prime cost per unit? Conversion cost per unit?