Diagram the viral replication cycle for both an enveloped DNA and nonenveloped RNA virus. Compare and contrast lytic and budding release mechanisms. Relate the release mechanisms to lytic and chronic infections.
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Answer in complete sentences and paragraphs. Draw the diagram by hand and make a table to compare and contrast:
Diagram the viral replication cycle for both an enveloped DNA and nonenveloped RNA virus. Compare and contrast lytic and budding release mechanisms. Relate the release mechanisms to lytic and chronic infections.
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- Briefly describe the events leading to the synthesis of viral proteins. Begin with the genome; assume this is a negative single-stranded RNA virus (-SSRNA).Viruses: a. Describe the structure and composition of viruses. What are three reasons that they are different from cellular organisms? b. Describe what a lysogenic bacteriophage is and how it is different from a lytic bacteriophage. c. Describe what is similar and different about the lifecycle of a non-enveloped DNA animal virus compared to an enveloped animal retrovirus.Please provide a general definition of a virus. Viruses can cause other issues, known as cytopathic effects. Provide 3 effects and discuss why that effect can be very damaging to the host.
- Describe how viruses replicate. Be sure to address the difference between lytic and lysogenic replication along with the specific steps of each type of replication.Describe the process of replication of retroviruses. (You can use HIV as an example). Details are required, including the names of key enzymes involved. More than 10 sentences are required to get full credit.Consider the separate stages of an animal virus life cycle. Assemble a short list of structures and processes that are unique to the virus and would make good drug targets for an antiviral agent. Explain your rationale for each choice.
- Match each of the following replication classes of viruses with the one description that best describes it. This virus class is composed of segmented and non-segmented helical viruses that carry an RdRp within the virion into the cell. Example: Rabies virus These viruses are non- enveloped, icosahedral, have segmented genomes, and carry their own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The viral genome is copied following assembly. Example: Reovirus This is the only class of RNA viruses whose genome is replicated by cellular enzymes and not an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Cellular DNA polymerases replicate this virus's non- integrated genome, although transcription is not the initial event that takes place in the process. Example: Parvoviruses In this class of viruses, transcription occurs before genome replication because viral proteins are involved in replicating the genome. Example: Adenovirus This class of viruses forms circular DNA and creates pre- genomic RNA using host RNA polymerases.…Answer the following 1.Are viruses living or non-living organisms? 2. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? 3. HIV is classified as a retrovirus. What are retroviruses? 4. In your own words, provide a short summary of the HIV replication cycle. 5. Why is reverse transcriptase an important enzyme in the replication cycle of HIV? 6. In the chapter about enzymes, we have discussed how drugs are basically inhibitors. There are currently a multitude of Antiretroviral therapy (ART or ARV) options available to people living with HIV (PLHIV) so that the viral replication is suppressed and does not progress to AIDS. What do you think these drugs target? Discuss briefly. 7. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes CoVid-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Viruses under this family have a genome made of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Is this similar to the viral genome of HIV? If so, do you think that – in theory – they would have similar replication cycles? 8. In your own opinion, do…Are viruses living or non-living organisms? Explain your answer choice.also Discuss the difficulty in controlling infectious viruses with an example.
- Include the steps in the correct order from attachment to lysis. How does this differ from the virus replication cycle in animals? Explain the difference between lytic cycle, lysogeny and slow release. Also include the bacterial defense mechanism bacteria have developed to prevent infection by a virus. How is this bacterial defense now being used to modify genetic codes in humans, include CRISPR in your discussion. Explain the growth curve of a virus and what phase is the coronal virus in the present pandemic?Use the Internet to search prion diseases, and identify three major differences between a viral disease and a prion disease. please provide a minimum of 500 words. ThanksIdentify the numbered steps of this viral life cycle/replication cycle depicted here.