Data What are cross-sectional, time series, and panel data? Describe their differences. Using the following bar graph that plots the leading causes of death in Virginia in 2015, provide two or three sentences sharing your observations of the data. Include some descriptive statements but also some impressions about the data (e.g., something that surprises you or something you expect). Offer one research question or policy issue that the above data could be used to help answer. The sample mean is both an unbiased and consistent estimator of the population mean. In plain language, describe the meaning of these terms. Standard deviation Explicitly write out the formula for a sample standard deviation (you can use either Word’s equation editor or handwrite it and paste a screenshot of your handwritten formula). Using the following table, explicitly calculate the deviation from the mean for the two blank boxes where “DIFF from MEAN” = Cancer Death – MEAN Mean, median, mode Describe the advantages and disadvantages of each of these measures of central tendency. For the normal distribution, the mean, median, and mode are all the same values. Why? Describe the 68-95-99.7 rule for the normal distribution. If the average score on an exam is 85 and the standard deviation is 5, using the 68-95-99.7 rule, describe the distribution of the student’s scores.