Consider a point in a structural member that is subjected to plane stress. Normal and shear stresses acting on horizontal and vertical planes at the point are shown. If σ = 11 MPa in the direction shown, determine the principal stresses at the point. 28.6 MPa and -33.6 MPa 20.7 MPa and -42.4 MPa 39.6 MPa and -46.7 MPa 26.8 MPa and -35.8 MPa 34.2 MPa and -40.0 MPa

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Methods to Determine Vertical Stress

The load applied to the soil is transferred to the underground. The presence of water at soil pores and solid grains above the soil are the primary components that are responsible for the effective load transfer. Due to the load acting, the internal component of the soil or the underground formations undergoes deformations or a tectonic shift. The amount of deformation depends upon the amount of load acting on the soil surface, which indeed, depends on the weight of everything present above the soil. Due to this, the underground soil element develops internal stresses which try to resist the tectonic changes.