Conductive Heat Transfer Through Composite Materials k₁ k₂ Area T₁ ΔΤ1 X1 T2 Тз AT, X2 k3 ∆Т3 X3 TA ›ė
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- %^0 |. دردشة هندسة النفط/مسائي A composite wall consisting of five series layers of materials with different properties. Layer thickness, thermal conductivity of the layers and temperatures are shown on the figure. Based on Fourier's law for conduction, answer the following questions. 1. What are the main assumptions? 2. Drive an equation to calculate the heat transfer rate through the Composite wall? 3. Draw the themal circuit through composite wall? 4. What are the value Ti? 5. What are the value Tj? 6. What are the value Tr? Givens: KA = 2 W/m. °C K= 1 W/m.°C K= 5 W/m. °C Kp= 4 W/m, °C 100°C Ti 25°C Tj Tr A B D -2cm e 6 cm 4 cm 4cm إضافة وصف...A plane wall of thickness 20 mm is exposed to surrounding air at 30 °C. A heat source of 500 W/m³ is applied to the wall uniformly. A thermocouple is installed at the center of the wall thickness which denotes the origin x = 0. At steady state, it is desirable that the thermocouple reading is 48 °C. Considering four different materials as given in Table 1, choose any two of the materials for your analysis. Analyze the effects of choosing these materials on the convective coefficient and explain why. Table 1 Material No Thermal conductivity (W/mK) 1 0.027 2 0.036 3 0.058 4 0.087A temperature difference of 85 •C is impressed across a fiberglass layer of 13 cm thickness. The thermal conductivity of the fiberglass is 0.035 W/m • -C. Compute the heat transferred through the material in kcal per hour per unit square meter area.
- Nanotechnology, the field of building ultrasmall structures one atom at a time, has progressed in recent years. One potential application of nanotechnology is the construction of artificial cells. The simplest cells would probably mimic red blood cells, the body’s oxygen transporters. Nanocontainers, perhaps constructed of carbon, could be pumped full of oxygen and injected into a person’s bloodstream. If the person needed additional oxygen—due to a heart attack or for the purpose of space travel, for example—these containers could slowly release oxygen into the blood, allowing tissues that would otherwise die to remain alive. Suppose that the nanocontainers were cubic and had an edge length of 25 nanometers. Suppose that each nanocontainer could contain pure oxygen pressurized to a density of 85 g/L. How many grams of oxygen could be contained by each nanocontainer?10 / 36 110% LQ23]( problem 지25's p37) Exepe20-원 At What angle &' must the (400N) force be applied in order to that the resultant `R of the two 400 N forces has a of (1000 N)? magnitude What will be the angle o between 700 N R and the horizontal (x-axis) ? Ane ∞ = 51.3° 0 = 18 19° P Type here to searchNanotechnology, the field of building ultrasmall structures one atom at a time, has progressed in recent years. One potential application of nanotechnology is the construction of artificial cells. The simplest cells would probably mimic red blood cells, the body’s oxygen transporters. Nanocontainers, perhaps constructed of carbon, could be pumped full of oxygen and injected into a person’s bloodstream. If the person needed additional oxygen—due to a heart attack or for the purpose of space travel, for example—these containers could slowly release oxygen into the blood, allowing tissues that would otherwise die to remain alive. Suppose that the nanocontainers were cubic and had an edge length of 25 nanometers. What is the volume of one nanocontainer? (Ignore the thickness of the nanocontainer’s wall.)
- Shape Factor Conduction Problem A cylindrical pipeline that is used for the transport of crude oil is buried in the soil horizontally such that its centerline is 1.5 m (z) below the surface. The pipe has the outer diameter of 0.5 m (D) and is coated with a 100 mm thick layer of glass insulation on the outside. Assume that heated oil at 120 °C flows through the pipe and the soil surface temperature is at 0 °C (T2). The soil thermal conductivity is known as 0.5 W/m-K, and the glass insulation thermal conductivity is known as 0.07 W/m-K. What is the rate of heat loss per unit length of the pipe (W/m)? Soil Glass insulation Oil, TM4.24 (Sl units) Aluminum has a density of 2.70 g/cm2 at room temperature (20°C). Determine its density at 650°C, using data in Table 4.1 of the book for reference (Hint: Assume a 1 cm2 cube, 1 cm on each side). Round to the nearest thousandth of a g/cm2.1. A room has a pine ceiling (k = 0.12 WI(m-Cº) ] that measures 3.0 m x 4.0 m 2.0 cm. On a cold day, the temperature inside the room is 20°C, and the temperature in the attic above is 8°C. If 6.0 cm of glass wool insulation ( k = 0.042 WI(m.Cº) ] were put in above the ceiling, how much energy would be saved in one hour? 2. 2.0-kg block moving with an initial speed of 5 m/s slides on a rough table and is stopped by the force of friction. Assuming that the table and air remain at 24°C, calculate the entropy change of the universe.
- What is engineering? What are the differences among engineers, mathematicians, and scientists? What is mechanical engineering?The thermal expansion coefficient is the change of length of a material per unit length per degree of temperature change. A gold bar is initially 1 m long. What is the length of the gold bar after it has been heated from 298 to 473 K?Problem 1. 67 pts bar shown below, determine the temperatures at Nodes 2 and 3. Assume 1-D heat transfer that only occurs in the x-direction as the upper and lower 1-D Heat Transfer with Conduction. For the 1-D composite boundaries of the elements are insulated. Assume the cross-sectional area is the same for all elements, A=0.01 m?. For Element 1, let the thermal conductivity be 100 W/(m °C). For Element 2, let the thermal conductivity be 110 W/(m °C). For Element 3, let the thermal conductivity be 120 W/(m °C). The left end of the bar has a constant temperature of 120 °C (at Node 1) and the right end has a constant temperature of 276 °C (at Node 4). Insulated, 1-d heat transfer in x-dir Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4 +x 120°C E1 E2 ЕЗ 276°C 1 mm 2 mm 0.5mm Insulated