Chlorine is used as the disinfectant in a municipal water treatment plant. It achieves 50 percent of disinfection efficiency measured in terms of killing the indicator microorganisms (E-Coli) in 3 minutes. The minimum time required to achieve 99 percent disinfection efficiency would be
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- You are provided with the following information about a municipal wastewater treatment plant. This plant uses the traditional activated sludge process. Assume the microorganisms are 60 percent efficient at converting food to biomass (this refers to the yield coefficient), the organisms have a first order death rate constant of 0.1/day, and the microbes reach half of the maximum growth rate when the BOD5 concentration is 22 mg/L. There are 220,000 people in the community (their wastewater production is 225 L/day-capita, 0.1 kg BOD5/capita-day). The effluent standard is BOD5 = 20 mg/L and TSS = 20 mg/L. Suspended solids were measured as 4,000 mg/L in a wastewater sample obtained from the activated sludge basin (so this is volatile suspended solids), 16,500 mg/L in the secondary sludge, 230 mg/L in the plant influent, and 110 mg/L in the primary clarifier effluent. SRT is equal to 4.5 days. (a) what is the design volume of the aeration basin (the activated sludge basin) (m3)? (b what is…You are asked to design a disinfection process using chloramine as your disinfection agent. The influent concentration of giardia is 1000 organisms per 100 ml. The USEPA regulation requires a 3 log reduction in giardia concentration in the disinfection process. The chlorine contact tank is 30 meters long and has a cross section area of 10 square meters and the flowrate is 150 cubic meters per hour and can be modeled as a plug flow reactor. The Ct value that needed is 1100 mg/L min. It is important to know that the chloramine concentration breaks down over time due environmental factors that are beyond your control. The decay is a first order process and has a decay coefficient of 0.1 hr-1. What is the effluent giardia concentration? In order to ensure disinfection occurs we often use the effluent concentration in our Ct calculation, what is the effluent concentration of chloramine? Given the decay behavior of chloramine described above, what concentration of chloramine should I dose…A water treatment plant with an average flow of Q = 0.8 m3/s treats its water with alum at a dose of 27 mg/L. Alum (Al2(SO4)3. 14.3 H2O) coagulation is used to remove particulate matter, reduce the concentration of organic matter, and reduce the alkalinity of the water. Determine the total mass of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) consumed per day (kg/d, no decimal point) (atomic mass: Al: 27, S: 32, H: 1, O: 16).
- A treatment system treating 1.0 m3/s of water includes a filter followed by a chlorine contact chamber for removal/inactivation of pathogens. The pathogen concentration going into the filter is 2,500 pathogens/L. The filter is known to remove 2.5 log of pathogens. The disinfection system is being designed to reduce the pathogen concentration by 95.2%. Pathogens are inactivated by chlorine via first order kinetics with a reaction rate constant of 4.0/hr.a. What is the concentration of pathogens in the outlet of the chlorination tank?b. What is the volume of the chlorination tank? show all work4. Use the table below to calculate the following: The concentration (in mg/L and mol/L) of the coagulant active ingredient (Al2(SO4)3) in the stock solution (NOT the concentration of the hydrated form, which has been provided) The coagulant feed rate (in L/day) required to achieve target concentration The alkalinity consumed in the mixed water by coagulant addition (in mg/L as CaCO3). The stock solution does not contain any excess alkalinity. Coagulant Stock Solution concentration in Plant Flow mixed water (mgd) Concentration Spec. Gravity (mgAl2(SO4)3)/L) 6.5 21 26% Al2(SO4);•14H2O 1.28Design a laboratory scale chemostat to aerobically treat a 10 liters per day of a synthetic wastewater containing 500 mg/L of glucose. In order to design and operate such a chemostat you will need to not only need to calculate the volume of the reactor, but you also need to determine the amount of oxygen that must be supplied and at what rate, and the amount of biomass produced and the composition of the effluent (i.e., effluent COD and biomass concentration). Make reasonable assumptions for all necessary parameters you may need for this problem. Make sure to check units of parameters assumed.
- A water treatment plant with an average flow of Q = 0.5 m3/s treats its water with alum at a dose of 34 mg/L. Alum (Al2(SO4)3. 14.3 H2O)coagulation is used to remove particulate matter, reduce the concentration of organic matter, and reduce the alkalinity of the water. Determine the total mass of alkalinity (HCO3-) consumed per day (kg/d, no decimal point) (atomic mass: Al: 27, S: 32, H: 1, O: 16, C: 12)The wastewater to be treated is flowing into the treatment plant at a rate of 2670 m³/day. The dosage of chlorine used for disinfection is 15 mg/l and its disinfection model is given as N=Noe-0.145t Calculate the volume of disinfection tank necessary to kill 98% microbes.QUESTION: An industrial wastewater from glucose production facility will be treated in an activated sludge treatment process. It is determined that 90% of glucose is biodegradable. It is also tested that the activated sludge treatment provides 100% BOD removal. This wastewater initially contains 2000 mg/L of glucose (C6H12O6), but no other organic and inorganic species. a) Calculate input TOC, COD and BOD of wastewater before treatment.b) Calculate output TOC, COD and BOD of wastewater after treatment.
- Liquid alum is used as a coagulant and specific gravity of alum is 1.33. One gallon of alum weights 6.05 kg and contains 3.22 kg of dry alum. Determine;(a)The alumconcentration (b)What is the volume of liquid alum required in order to prepare a solution containing 20,000 mg/l of alum concentration with final volume of 100 mL? (c)The dosage concentration of 1 mL of stock solution in a 2000 mL Gator jarsample.Your organization has been hired to provide a water treatment process or device toremove toxic Chromium 6 [Cr(VI)] from water emanating from an underground source.Your organization has developed a treatment process that removes most of the Cr(VI)from the water to a residual concentration of 0.05 mg/L which is an acceptable level inline with the World Health Organisation. The underground water flows at 40 m3/h andhas Cr(VI) concentration of 100mg/L. The effluent flow rate is 97% of the influent flowrate, and the remainder of the water is discharged as wastewater. Calculate theconcentration of Cr(VI) in wastewater.What is the role of multi-media filtration in drinking water treatment?A) To remove pathogenic bacteria and viruses from the drinking waterB) To remove suspended solids from the drinking waterC) To remove pathogenic protozoa from the drinking waterD) Two of the aboveE) All of the above