(Bonus) Deafness and hearing loss are a widespread issue. According to WHO, currently more than 1.5 billion people (nearly 20% of the global population) live with hearing loss. From what you learned about our auditory system, briefly explain what would happen to hearing in each of the following scenarios. (a) the tectorial membrane can't hold its position and is pushing onto the auditory hair cells constantly. (b) the auditory hair cells near the base of the cochlea are damaged and dead. (c) the endolymph potassium concentration is lower than normal. (d) the perilymph potassium concentration is lower than normal.

(Bonus) Deafness and hearing loss are a widespread issue. According to WHO, currently more than 1.5 billion people (nearly 20% of the global population) live with hearing loss. From what you learned about our auditory system, briefly explain what would happen to hearing in each of the following scenarios. (a) the tectorial membrane can't hold its position and is pushing onto the auditory hair cells constantly. (b) the auditory hair cells near the base of the cochlea are damaged and dead. (c) the endolymph potassium concentration is lower than normal. (d) the perilymph potassium concentration is lower than normal.

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter36: Sensory Systems

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2VCQ: Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The...

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Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The implant consists of a microphone that picks up sound. A speech processor selects sounds in the range of human speech, and a transmitter converts these sounds to electrical impulses, which are then sent to the auditory nerve. Which of the following types of hearing loss would not be restored by a cochlear implant? Hearing loss resulting from absence or loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. Hearing loss resulting from an abnormal auditory nerve. Hearing loss resulting from fracture of the cochlea. Hearing loss resulting from damage to bones of the middle ear.
Which of the following statements concerning the inner ear is TRUE? Question 3 options: a) The bony labyrinth within the tempoal bone contains spaces for the semicircular canals and the cochlea. b) The fibers of the cochlear nerve are attached to hair cells in the semicircular canals to carry information about movements of the head. c) The frequency of sound waves as defined by their wavelengths are perceived as pitch and are measured in decibels (dB). d) The saccule and utricle are critical sensory receptors for interpreting language, distinct from other sounds.
a) choose one part of the auditory sensorineural mechanism--the inner ear or retrocochlear auditory pathway--and describe how sound is transduced through that part of the auditory system, and (b) comment on how the anatomy of that part of the ear enables normal auditory sensorineural physiology.
a) Consider a patient who has been exposed to an ototoxic drug that has caused the death of the outer hair cells in the cochlea but has left the inner hair cells unaffected. What sort of hearing loss is the person likely to experience and what sort of hearing device could assist them? Explain the reasons for your answer based upon how the inner ear functions. b) Consider a person who has a partial loss of myelin in their auditory nerve. What effect would the loss of myelin have upon the ability of this person to perceive speech and would either a hearing aid or cochlear implant provide any benefit to their hearing ability? Explain the reasons for your answer based upon how the inner ear and auditory pathway function. I c) Explain the difference in information that can be provided by a cochlear implant consisting of a single electrode compared to a cochlear implant with many electrodes. What type of neural code is provided in each case? What type of musical sounds could be well…
(a) choose one part of the auditory conductive mechanism--the outer ear or middle ear--and describe how sound is transduced (changed from acoustic energy to mechanical energy) through that part of the auditory system, and (b) comment on how the anatomy of that part of the ear enables normal auditory conductive physiology.
More than 1.1 billion young adults are at risk for hearing loss according to World Health Organization (WHO, 2015). The primary reason is increasing use of personal audio devices with headphones or earphones. Hearing loss is of two main types: conduction deafness and perception deafness. Young adults are more likely to experience perception or nerve deafness. Which of the following parts of the ear is not involved in nerve deafness? Select one: a. Organ of Corti b. Semicircular canal C. Auditory nerve and basilar membrane d. Sensory neurons and hair cells
If Maddie’s hearing loss persists after her perforation is healed, which of the following scenarios is likely? Maddie suffered sensorineural AND conductive hearing loss from the head injury in the pool. Maddie will likely lose hearing in her left ear, too, but less severely. Her hearing loss is genetic and will be passed on to her future children. Maddie will continue to lose hearing bilaterally as she ages.
1.) The middle ear chamber is an air-filled “hole in the head”, which is adapted to allow free movement of the tympanum as it vibrates. Unless the pressure in the chamber is equal to atmospheric pressure outside, the tympanum will be stretched outward or inward, impeding its vibration and causing discomfort or pain. When moving up in the elevator of a tall building, the surrounding atmospheric pressure is: a) increasing causing air to enter the middle ear chamber through the Eustachian tube. B.) increasing causing air to enter the middle ear chamber through the auditory canal C.)decreasing causing air to leave the middle chamber through the Eustachian tube D.) decreasing causing air to leave the middle ear chamber through the auditory canal
Regarding auditory physiology, what is the mechanism that generates an action potential and release of neurotransmitter substance? a) pressure waves on cells in the vestibular membrane b) movement of the membrane covering the round window c) movement of the hair cells of the coil member towards the tectorial membrane d) movement of cells in the basement membrane towards the cochlea
the sound of a vibrating tuning fork is perceived longer when the stern of the fork is placed against the mastoid process of the temporal bone than when the lines are placed near the patient's ear. This finding is compatible with damage to which of the following structures ? A) cochlea B) cochlear nucleus C) ossicles D) primary auditory cortex E) vestibulocochlear nerve
Presbycusis is an age-related hearing loss affecting individuals over the age of 65. Many affected individuals have difficulty understanding words because, although they may be able to hear the sound, they are unable to distinguish the exact words. This hearing loss is most noticeable at higher frequencies. Which of the following statements correctly describes an individual suffering from presbycusis? Select one: a. Individuals with presbycusis have damaged hair cells at the base of the cochlea, which is closest to the oval window. b. Increasing the volume of higher frequency sound allows individuals affected with presbycusis to hear better. O c. Individuals with presbycusis have damaged hair cells at the apex of the cochlea, which is farthest from to the oval window. Od. Decreasing the amplitude of lower frequency sound allows individuals affected with presbycusis to hear better.
(Human physiology) Hearing B is characterized by conductive hearing loss caused by an ear infection or blockage that interferes with the transmission of sound to the inner ear.Why does this patient hear bone conduction sound with lower intensity than other patients? (Should this disease reduce the sensitivity of sound perception?) Between A, C and D, which patients had neurological hearing damage causing overall reduction in hearing acuity and which patients had damage caused by an air horn? Why? (sorry for my bad english)