Although the transmission of light, and electromagnetic radiation generally, is correctly described by wave (physical) optics, there are situations for which ray (geometric) optics gives a sufficiently good approximation. For each of the situations described in the following, determine whether ray optics may be used or wave optics must be used. Part (a) Green laser light of wavelength 565 nm is incident on a 35-cm diameter mirror. Part (b) Red laser light of wavelength 629 nm is incident on a molecule of size 105 nm.

Although the transmission of light, and electromagnetic radiation generally, is correctly described by wave (physical) optics, there are situations for which ray (geometric) optics gives a sufficiently good approximation. For each of the situations described in the following, determine whether ray optics may be used or wave optics must be used. Part (a) Green laser light of wavelength 565 nm is incident on a 35-cm diameter mirror. Part (b) Red laser light of wavelength 629 nm is incident on a molecule of size 105 nm.

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter25: Reflection And Refraction Of Light

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13OQ

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

In the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 (n1 = 1.60) into a thin layer of material 2 (n2 = 1.80), crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3 (n3 = 1.3). (a) What is the value of incident angle θA? (b) If θA is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (c) What is the value of incident angle θB? (d) If θB is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3?
Polarizers can be made based on the principle of Brewster angle. In Fig. 2, a light ray (with 50% s-polarized light and 50% p-polarized light) is incident from material 1 (ni 1.33) on a flat layer of material 2 that has an index of refraction n2 = 1.5. Beneath 1.0. The ray of light reflected material 2 is material 3 with an index of refraction n3 = into material 1 happens to be the linearly polarized light. (a) What is the angle of 01? (b) Is the light reflected from the boundary between material 2 and material 3 linearly polarized? If not, with what 02 angle, the reflected light will be linearly polarized. (c) If the reflected light in the boundary of material 2 and material 3 is also linearly polarized, how much light is finally refracted into material 3? Ni n2 n3 Figure 2
In the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 (n₁ = 1.73) into a thin layer of material 2 (n2 = 1.80), crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3 (n3 = 1.40). (a) What is the value of incident angle BA? (b) If 8A is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (c) What is the value of incident angle Og? (d) If Og is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? OB I ng no 121
Photons with a wavelength of 559 nm in air enter a plate of crown glass with index of refraction n = 1.52. Find the speed, wavelength, and energy of a photon in the glass. HINT (a) speed (in m/s) m/s (b) wavelength (in m) m (c) energy (in J) J
Spatial distribution of electric field E(x) of a light beam which has a wavelength 5.0x107m coming from free space (n=1) and entering the dielectiric medium (n=1.5) at x=0 interface is shown below. Write an expression for the electric field E(x,t) of light inside the medium. (Ignore any reflection at the interface) E(X) λ=5.0x107m E₂ MM n=1 x=0 E(x,t)=? n=1.5 X
Often in optics scientists take advantage of effects that require very high intensity light. To get the desired effect a scientist uses a laser with power P = 0.0015 W to reach an intensity of I = 350 W/cm2 by focusing it through a lens of focal length f = 0.15 m. The beam has a radius of r = 0.0011 m when it enters the lens.Randomized VariablesP = 0.0015 WI = 350 W/cm2f = 0.15 mr = 0.0011 m Part (a) Express the radius of the beam, rp, at the point where it reaches the desired intensity in terms of the given quantities. (In other words, what radius does the beam have to have after passing through the lens in order to have the desired intensity?) Part (b) Give an expression for the tangent of the angle that the edge of the beam exits the lens with with respect to the normal to the lens surface, in terms of r and f? Part (c) Express the distance, D, between the lens's focal point and the illuminated object using tan(α) and rp. Part (d) Find the distance, D, in centimeters.
Light travels a distance of 0.884 m in 2.00 ns in a given substance. What is the index of refraction of this substance? Express your answer to three significant figures.
A beam of white light is incident on a slab of dense flint glass at an angle of incidence of 60°. Flint glass, as with most materials, displays a dispersion where the refractive index is a function of the wavelength of incident light. We can often write this dispersion using the Cauchy relation n(2)=A+B^(-2). For the case of Flint glass, A = 1.728, and B = 0.01342 µm2. What is the difference in angle of the refracted beam between blue light of wavelength 400 nm, and red light of wavelength 700 nm?
Brewster plates are used in laser cavities to polarize the light with the smallest amount of power loss possible (see figure). Suppose the laser cavity is filled with air (n = 1) and the Brewster's plate is made of glass (ng = 1.5). a) What is the angle the normal to the plate must make with respect to the laser beam, θB, if the polarization of the reflected light is maximized? Answer in radians. b) If instead this were a dye laser, whose cavity is filled with a liquid solution with ns = 1.3. What is the angle, θB, in radians?
Brewster plates are used in laser cavities to polarize the light with the smallest amount of power loss possible (see figure). Suppose the laser cavity is filled with air (n = 1) and the Brewster's plate is made of glass (ng = 1.4). Part (a) What is the angle the normal to the plate must make with respect to the laser beam, θB, if the polarization of the reflected light is maximized? Answer in radians. θB = Part (b) If instead this were a dye laser, whose cavity is filled with a liquid solution with ns = 1.3. What is the angle, θB, in radians? θB =
An EM-wave is propagating in a medium (medium 1) with index of refraction, n1=2, and is incident at an angle 0; on a medium (medium 1) with index of refraction n2=1.5. Then, the wave propagates through medium 2 and hits the interface with a third medium, with index of refraction nz=1, as shown in the figure below. If the power of the incident wave is 1W, and assuming lossless media, calculate the angle of exit (in medium 3) and the total transmitted power in the medium 3. a. b. Consider that the wave consists is linearly polarized at 45 degrees in respect to the plane of incidence. n2 n3 exit
A radio station has two antennas. The antennas are a distance d apart, where d equals half the broadcast wavelength. The antennas are driven in phase with each other. Let the x-axis be the line that runs through the two antennas. The angles are all measured counterclockwise from the +x-direction. (For the following, assume an observer is positioned a distance D far from the midpoint of the antennas, so that D ≫ d.) (a) In which directions is the strongest signal radiated? 0°, 180° 90°, 270° 0°, 90°, 180°, 270° 45°, 135°, 225°, 315° (b) In which directions is the weakest signal radiated? 0°, 180° 90°, 270° 0°, 90°, 180°, 270° 45°, 135°, 225°, 315°