All of the following are true of some or all complement proteins except _____. a. they are soluble and bind to pathogen surfaces b. they participate only in innate immunity c. they are present in extracellular fluids, blood, and lymph d. they facilitate the phagocytosis of pathogens e. they are made as zymogens.

All of the following are true of some or all complement proteins except _____. a. they are soluble and bind to pathogen surfaces b. they participate only in innate immunity c. they are present in extracellular fluids, blood, and lymph d. they facilitate the phagocytosis of pathogens e. they are made as zymogens.

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter34: Immunity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SA: Activated complement proteins ________. a. puncture cells c. attract macrophages b. promote...

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Activated complement proteins ________. a. puncture cells c. attract macrophages b. promote inflammation d. all of the above
Which of the following is not an example of a complement control protein? a. decay-accelerating factor (DAF) b. factor H c. factor B d. membrane cofactor protein (MCP) e. factor P (properdin) f. factor I.
Which of the following does not describe the outcome of complement activation? a. chemotaxis b. opsonization c. vasoconstriction d. proteolysis e. membrane permeabilization.
Which is/are not part of innate immunity?a. phagocytic cells e. inflammationb. fever f. cytokinesc. histamines g.presenting antigend. complement activation h.all take part
The followings are functions of antibody eliminating unknown particles or cells which enter into the body, except... A. Attach to the active side of particle or cell that enters into the body B. Make easier of macrophage to phagositosize unknown particle or cell that enters the body C. Precipitate the unknown particle that dissolves in body fluid D. Initiate the working system of complement E. Eliminate bacteria that grows on endosome of macropahge
Which of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by masking the pathogen surface. b. They act as molecular adaptors that bridge together pathogen and phagocyte surfaces. c. They exert toxic effects directly. d. They act as opsonins that mediate phagocytosis. e. They activate complement fixation.
Which of the following proteins downregulates the classical complement cascade by breaking up the C3 convertase into individual C4b and C2a units? O Protectin (CD59) O Lectin O C1 Esterase Inhibitor O Decay Accelerating Factor (CD55) O MASP
A(n) _____ is an inactive form of an enzyme that frequently participates in a cascade of enzymatic reactions during complement activation. a. regulator of complement activation b. convertase c. complement control protein module d. zymogen e. opsonin.
The primary role of complement control proteins that operate in the early stages of complement activation is to _____. a. regulate the expression of complement proteins b. ensure that the components of the membrane-attack complex assemble in the correct sequence c. facilitate the secretion of complement proteins to extracellular locations d. stabilize complement proteins, thus extending their half-lives in serum e. ensure that C3b is deposited on appropriate surfaces.
Which of the following is not a consequence of activation of the complement system? Select one: a. Lysis of bacteria and other foreign cells b. Repair of damaged tissue c. Increased phagocytosis by phagocytic cells (opsonization) d. Attraction and activation of leukocytes
Write TRUE is the statement is True, otherwise write FALSE and explain why the statement is False. The complement system involves a set of genes that distinguish foreign cells from body cells. The alternative complement activation pathway involves the cleavage of C5 to form C9. The type of interferon present late in an infection is gamma interferon. Interferons cause muscle aches, chills, and fever. Toll-like receptors act to cause phagocytic chemotaxis. Lymphocytes are large agranulocytes. Opsonization occurs when a phagocyte’s pseudopods surround a microbe and fuse to form a sac. Defensins are antimicrobial peptides of the first line of defense.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the alternative complement pathway? It can be triggered by infectious agent in absence of antibody. а. b. It does not require C1, C2 or C4. с. It cannot be initiated unless C3b fragments are already present. d. It has the terminal sequence of events as the lectin pathway.