Acetazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrase in a noncompetitive manner, and is used to increase urine output and treat glaucoma, characterized by excessive high pressure within the eyeball. The experimental curves of reaction velocity vs. substrate concentration, (CO₂) in μM, are shown in the graphs below, in the presence and absence of acetazolamide. The Km of carbonic anhydrase for CO₂ determined from the data shown is 0.75 μM. From examination of the graphs, deduce that the Km value of carbonic anhydrase for CO₂ in the presence of acetazolamide inhibitor (how does this type of inhibitor affect the Km?). v, initial rate 100 0 A. 0.01 μM. 8.0.75 μM. OC. 50 μM. No Inhibitor Acetazolamide + to 100 Substrate concentration OD. 100 μM. OE. Not enough information to deduce.
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
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