A 13-mm-diameter steel (E = 193 GPa) rod (2) is connected to a 27-mm-wide by 10-mm-thick rectangular aluminum (E = 72 GPa) bar (1), as shown. Assume L1 = 0.74 m and L2 = 1.38 m. Determine the force P (in kN rounded to the nearest tenths) required to stretch the assembly 8.1 mm.

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Frames

The trusses and frames are the two most important structural members of civil engineering. Trusses are the interconnection of links and other structural members. The interconnection with other members makes the system behave as a single member that supports and transfers loads. Trusses are generally two types, plane truss, and space truss. Frames on the other hand form the skeleton of any building construction. Frames are structures formed by the connection of beams, columns, slabs, and joists. These members provide the building with the required structural support.