A water contains 3.5 mg/L of ferrous iron (Fe2+), 0.3 mg/L of manganese (Mn2+), and 0.7 mg/L of ammonia (NH3-N). If a free residual chlorine of 0.3 mg/L is needed after disinfection of this water, then the required chlorine dose (in mg/L) to disinfect this water is:
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- A drinking water treatment plant wants to compare the efficacy of three different solid coagulants, Alum [Al(OH)3(s)], Lime (CaCO3(s)), and Ferric Chloride (FeCl3(s)), for removing the phosphate (PO43-) level to 1 mg/L. The following are the equilibrium reactions [and the respective equilibrium constants (or solubility products, Ksp)] that result in phosphate removalfor each solid, the second reaction being more relevant in each case: Alum: Al(OH)3(s) ↔ Al3+ + 3OH- AlPO4(s) ↔ Al3+ + PO43- Ksp = 9.84 x 10-21 Lime: CaCO3(s) ↔ Ca2+ + CO32- Ca3(PO4)2(s) ↔ Ca2+ + PO43- Ksp = 1 x10-27 Ferric Chloride: FeCl3 (s) ↔ Fe3+ + 3Cl- Fe(PO4)(s) ↔ Fe3+ + PO43- Ksp = 1x10-26.4 What concentrations of Fe 3+, Al3+, and Ca2+ will be needed to maintain a phosphate concentration of 1 mg/L? What would be the best choice of solid coagulant for the Drinking Water Treatment Plant?…When chlorine (Cl2) gas is added to water during the disinfection of drinking water, it hydrolyzes with the water to form hypochlorous acid (HOCI). The disinfection power of the acid HOCI is 88 times better than its conjugate base, OCI". The pKa for HOCI is 7.5. Because the acidic form is a much better disinfectant, you want to maintain 89% of the total molar concentration in this form. What minimum pH should you target? Correct answer 6.6Effluent from an industry 'A' has a pH of 4.2. The effluent from another industry 'B' has double the hydroxyl (OH-) ion concentration than the effluent from industry 'A'. pH of effluent from the industry '8' will be
- Please choose the correct answer for each question: 1. Activity of a gas in equilibrium with solution is ______? A. its partial pressure; B.1.0; C. its molar concentration; D. 0.0 2. During a sorption procedure, the substance transferred from the gas or liquid phase to the solid phase is called ______ A. sorbent; B. sorbate; C. partition; D. none of the above 3. When a chemical has a lower KOW, it is more ______ A. hydrophobic; B. hydrophilic; C. more absorbable; D. less absorbable 4. _____ occurs on the adsorbent surface A. Adsorption; B. Sorption; C. Absorption; D. Adsorption and absorption 5. _____ addresses the change in the amount of a substance of interest with time. A. The equilibrium approach; B. The kinetic approach; C. Henry’s Law; D. Freudlich isotherm equationThe most important buffer system in water is the carbon dioxide system of acid/base reactions. CO2(g) → CO2(aq) + H2O(1) → *H2CO3 +→ H* + HCO3 2H* + CO32- A sample of water has a pH of 5.0 the concentration of HCO3 is 122 mg L-1and the CO3- concentration is 60.0 mg L-1. What is the approximate alkalinity (ALK) in the water as CaCO3? Assume there is no exchange between the solution and the atmosphere and the temperature is 25°C. ALK= [HCO3] + 2[CO3²]]In the previous question a trisodium phosphate solution was prepared. Since the molecular weight of Na3PO4 is 163.94, what concentration in moles per liter was made by combining 0.328 g Na3PO4 with 1.00 L water? Your answer should be in the form 0.---
- Calculate the amount of barium from Sodium sulphate in a liter. A 100 ml solution of sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) is treated with solution of Barium chloride(BaC12). The precipitate, then ignited and weighed. the precipitate(BaSO4) weight is 0.1 gm. Mol.Wt of BaSO4 233.42 gm/mol, At. Wt of barium= 56 gm/mol. %3DYou are being consulted for the design of a coagulation-flocculation basin for a water treatment plant. Ferric sulfate is available as a commercial coagulant and is popular at removing turbidity and color. The chemical reaction for its addition to water is: Fe2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(HCO3)2 ----> 2Fe(OH)3 (s) + 3CaSO4 + 6CO2Results of a jar test to determine the optimal coagulant dose are provided below. The initial water sample has a pH=6.5 and turbidity of 30 NTU. Ferric sulfate dose, mg/L: 5 10 15 20 25Turbudity, NTU: 15 5 1 0.9 2What is the optimal mass of ferric sulfate you would need to purchase every day to treat 106 gallons/day to a turbidity below 1 NTU (assume 100% purity of the coagulant).Aluminum pieces inadvertently collect on the filter. a. If left on the filter, will the percent yield of the alum be reported as too high or as too low? Explain. b. If the aluminum pieces are detected on the filter, what steps would be used to remedy the observation? Explain.
- ) Calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions *Select a concentration between 0.10 and 0.58 d) Calculate the pH of the methylamine solutionFor a solution containing 200 mg/L of glycine [CH2(NH2)COOH] whose oxidation can be represented as 2CH2(NH2)COOH + 3O2 --> 4CO2 + 2H2O + 2NH3NH3 + 2O2 --> NO3- + H+ + H2O(a) Find the theoretical CBOD.(b) Find the nitrogenous portion of BOD (BOD only due to oxidation of N compounds). (c) Find the total theoretical BOD.An analysis of water from a surface source yields the following results: Ions Concentration (mg/l) Ca +2 Mg +2 HCO3 SO²- 60 18 91.5 96 The temporary hardness (as CaCO3) and permanent hardness (as CaCO3) present in the water are