(a) Steam is supplied, dry saturated at 40 bar to a turbine and the condenser pressure is 0.035 bar. If the plant operates on the Rankine cycle, calculate, per kilogram of steam: (i) the work output neglecting the feed-pump work; (ii) the work required for the feed pump: (iii) the heat transferred to the condenser cooling water, and the amount of cooling water required through the condenser if the temperature rise of the water is assumed to be 5.5 K;

(a) Steam is supplied, dry saturated at 40 bar to a turbine and the condenser pressure is 0.035 bar. If the plant operates on the Rankine cycle, calculate, per kilogram of steam: (i) the work output neglecting the feed-pump work; (ii) the work required for the feed pump: (iii) the heat transferred to the condenser cooling water, and the amount of cooling water required through the condenser if the temperature rise of the water is assumed to be 5.5 K;

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technology (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305578296

Author:John Tomczyk, Eugene Silberstein, Bill Whitman, Bill Johnson

Publisher:John Tomczyk, Eugene Silberstein, Bill Whitman, Bill Johnson

Chapter28: Special Refrigeration Applications

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15RQ: Why is two-stage compression popular for extra-low-temperature refrigeration systems?

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(a) Steam is supplied, dry saturated at 40 bar to a turbine and the condenser pressure is 0.035 bar. If the plant operates on the Rankine cycle, calculate, per kilogram of steam: (i) the work output neglecting the feed-pump work; (ii) the work required for the feed pump: (iii) the heat transferred to the condenser cooling water, and the amount of cooling water required through the condenser if the temperature rise of the water is assumed to be 5.5 K; (iv) the heat supplied; (v) the Rankine efficiency; (vi) the specific steam consumption. (b) For the same steam conditions calculate the efficiency and the specific steam consumption for a Carnot cycle operating with wet steam. (C) Repeat Problem (a) for a steam supply condition of 40 bar and 350 °C and the same condenser pressure of 0.035 bar.
A simple steam power plant operates on 8 kg/s of steam as shown below. Neglecting losses in the various components. A. What is the turbine power output in kW?B. What is the pump power requirement in kW?C. If the pump is 70% efficient what is the power output in kW.D. What is the heat transfer rate necessary in the boiler?E. What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle? Use the equation below.η = (turbine power output – pump power requirement) / (boiler heat transfer rate).
A steam power plant operates between a boiler pressure of 62 bar and a condenser pressure of 0.055 bar Calculate for these limits the cycle efficiency for a Rankine cycle with dry saturated steam at entry to the turbine NB Answer in decimal and not percentage to 4 decimal places.
1.) Calculate the difference between the Heat Added to the Boiler and Heat Rejected from the condenser in Hp if the feedwater is supplied at a rate of 0.74 short ton for a third of an hour at 24 hours operation. The feedwater pump pressure is 74 bar from a condenser pressure of 74 kPa. Also determine the over-all cycle efficiency if the temperature of the steam entering the turbine is 740 degrees Celsius.
A medium size power station is used to produce 30 MW net power for arefinery. The station uses steam as the operating fluid and operatesaccording to the Carnot cycle between the pressure limits of 0.4 bar and35 bar. Steam enters the boiler as a saturated liquid and leaves it as adry saturated vapour. (i) Calculate the thermal efficiency of the power station if theisentropic efficiency of the steam turbine is 94%. (ii) State main disadvantages of using the Carnot cycle as the basis fora power station. (iii) State the name of the cycle that is used in practice in powerstations, along with three key benefits over the Carnot cycle.
3- A reaction turbine is supplied with steam at (60 bar, 600 C°). The condenser pressure is (0.07 bar). If the reheat factor can be assumed to be (1.04) and the stage efficiency is constant throughout at (80%). Calculate the steam flow required in (ton/hr) for a diagram power of (25 MW). (Ans. 75.6 ton/hr) 4- The steam consumption at full load for a (3 MW) turbine is (16.6 ton/hr). At half load the steam consumption is (9.1 ton/hr). Applying Willan's line, estimate the steam consumption at no load, and the consumption at a load of (2.5 MW). (Ans. 1.6 ton/hr; 14.1 ton/hr)
Problem (1.2) A steam power plant working according to simple Rankine cycle. It has a high pressure of 3 MPa and it maintains 60°C in the condenser. A condensing turbine is used, but the quality should not be lower than 90% at any state in the turbine. Find the cycle efficiency. [reference: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics by Borgnakke & Sonntag prob.11.18,p-460].(Ans.33.2 %).
In an ideal reheat cycle, the steam throttled condition is 8 MPa and 480 degree C. the steam is then reheated to MPa and 460 degree C. the turbine exhaust is 60 degree C. The required values of some state point properties are tabulated below. 3. Calculate the heat input during reheating process.
A steam power plant operates between a boiler pressure of 52 bar and a condenser pressure of 0.045 bar. Calculate for these limits the cycle efficiency for a Rankine cycle with dry saturated steam at entry to the turbine. NB:Answer in decimal and not percentage to 4 decimal places.
1. Figure shows a reheat cycle in which steam is delivered to the high-pressure turbine at 1100 Ibf/in^2, 740 F, and expanded to 200 Ibf/in^2. After the expansion, the steam is warmed to 720 F before being expanded to 1 lbf/in^2 in the low- pressure turbine. Assume the turbines and pump are adiabatic. Compute the high pressure isentropic turbine work. High Q'în Boi ler Condenser Pump Q out 166.8 Btu/lbm 200.1 Btu/lbm 190.2 Btu/lbm 231.1 Btu/lbm 120.5 Btu/lbm
(1) Steam generated in a Rankine steam power cycle at 80 bar and 600°C is fed to a turbine. Exhaust from the turbine enters a condenser at 100 kPa, where it is condensed to saturated liquid which is then pumped to a boiler. a. b. C. d. Determine the power of the turbine and compressor per kg of steam. Determine the efficiency of the Rankine cycle. If the Rankine cycle produces 100 MW of power, what is the mass flow rate of steam in kg/s? If the isentropic efficiency of the turbine and compressor are 75%, recalculate the mass flow rate of steam in kg/s.
Rankine cycle for initially dry saturated steam at 150 psi, condenser pressure of 2 psi. Find the work of cycle in Btu and ft-lb. Also compute the cycle efficiency.Note of the following data from the steam table:At 150 psia: Tsat=358.4 deg. FVf=0.0180 ft3/lb, vg=3.016 ft3/lb; uf=330.2 Btu/lb; ug=1111.2 Btu/lb; hf=330.5 Btu/lb; hfg=863.6 Btu/lb; hg=1194.1 Btu/lb; sf=0.5138 Btu/lbR; sfg=1.0556 Btu/lbR; sg=1.5694 Btu/lbRAt 2 psia: Tsat=126.04 deg. FVf=0.016 ft3/lb, vg=173.75 ft3/lb; uf=94.02 Btu/lb; ug=1051.8 Btu/lb; hf=94.0 Btu/lb; hfg=1022.2 Btu/lb; hg=1116.2 Btu/lb; sf=0.1749 Btu/lbR; sfg=1.7451 Btu/lbR; sg=1.9200 Btu/lbR