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Test cross tells us about the genotype of organism.In a testcross, the individual with the unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual.
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- Human females have two X chromosomes XX; males have one X and one Y chromosome XY. a. With respect to X-linked alleles, how many different types of gametes can a male produce? b. A female homozygous for an X-linked allele can produce how many types of gametes with respect to that allele? c. A female heterozygous for an X-linked allele can produce how many types of gametes with respect to that allele?Draw a Punnett square for the dihybrid cross. There are two known alleles of gene occupying a specific locus in the X chromosome. The gene in question codes for a transcription factor involved in digit development. The mutant allele is dominant and gives rise to an additional but non-functioning little finger (polydactyly) on both hands. A couple have had their DNA sequenced at the region of interest, the male exhibits polydactyly because of the mutation, the female is homozygous wild type at the same locus and therefore has the wild type phenotype. Both have green eyes. In this story; eye colour shows a monogenic autosomal inheritance pattern and the allele for brown eyes shows incomplete dominance with that for blue eyes, the heterozygote phenotype is green eyes. The genes for eye colour and polydactyly show no linkage.In Drosophila, the white gene located on the X chromosome affects eye color; an autosomal gene, wingless, is on an autosomal chromosome. Use the following allele symbols: Xw+ _ , Xw+Y = wild type red eyes; X-linked dominant allele Xw Xw , XwY = white eyes; X-linked recessive allele Y = Y sex chromosome vg+ = wild type wings; autosomal dominant vg = wingless; autosomal recessive Predict ratios/proportions of genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from the following cross, of a white-eyed male with wild type wings and a wild type red eyed female with wild type wings: indicate sex of offspring along with phenotypes. XwY vg+ vg x Xw+Xw vg+vg
- n corn, male sterility is controlled by maternal cytoplasmic elements. This phenotype renders the male part of the corn plants (i.e the tassel) unable to produce fertile pollen; the female parts, however, remain receptive to pollination by pollen from male fertile corn plants. However, the presence of a nuclear fertility restorer gene F restores fertility to male sterile lines sing the cardboard chips, simulate the crosses indicated below. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offsprings in each cross, and properly label the nucleus and the cytoplasm of each individual in the cross Legend male sterile cytoplasm Male fertile cytoplasm FF nucleus Ff nucleus ff nucleus A. Male sterile female x FF male Explain the phenotype of the offspring B. Male sterile female x Ff male Explain the phenotype of the offspringIn Drosophila melanogaster, red eyes are dominant over white and the variation for this characteristic is on the X chromosome. Vestigial wings (v) are recessive to normal (V) for an autosomal gene. Predict the appearance of offspring of the following crosses: XW/Xw V/v×Xw/Y v/v, Xw/Xw V/v × XW/Y V/v.Consider the following linked traits in fruit flies: V= vermillion eyes (v+ is red eyes) cv = crossveinless wings (cv+ have crossveins) ct = cut wing margins (ct+ have uncut margins) You perform the following cross: v+v+ cv+cv+ ct+ct+ x vv cvcv ctct You then cross an F1 fly with a fly recessive for all three traits: v+v cv+cv ct+ct x vv cvcv ctct These are the offspring you observed from this cross: Red, crossveins, uncut 580 Vermillion, crossveinless, cut 592 Red, crossveinless, cut 89 Vermillion, crossveins, uncut 94 Red, crossveinless, uncut 45 Vermillion, crossveins, cut 40 Red, crossveins, cut 3 Vermillion, crossveinless, uncut 5 Draw a map of these 3 genes on the fly chromosome they inhabit.
- In Drosophila melanogaster, red eyes are dominant over white and the variation for this characteristic is on the X chromosome. Vestigial wings (v) are recessive to normal (V) for an autosomal gene. Predict the appearance of offspring of the following crosses: XW/XwV/v×Xw/Y v/v, Xw/XwV/v×XW/Y V/v.Which of the following phenotypes are never passed from father to his son? Please select ALL that apply. Y-linked X-linked recessive X-linked dominant O mitochondrialWhich of the Pedigree Diagrams below is most likely to show a family with Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia? A Affected female Normal female Atfected mate ormal male KEY Homozygous Homazygous Heterozygous Heterazygous Wild Type Male Wild Type Female Male Female Female Mala Note: Completely red symbol denotes an individual exhibiting the phenotype of interest C 3 12 1/2 IV 14 14 Affected 12 12 Known camer
- Here are the progeny of this cross: (Note that the categories are not in any particular order.)Fly type # of prog. Phenotype symbols Categorywt eyes black body wt wings 97 grn+ blk crv+Green eyes black body curved wings 709 ParentalGreen eyes wt body wt wings 9Green eyes black body wt wings 162wt eyes wt body wt wings 727wt eyes black body curved wings 12wt eyes wt body curved wings 179Green eyes wt body curved wings 105Total = 2000 9.) Write the phenotype symbols in the right-hand column. The first one has been done for you.10.) Next to that, label all fly categories as parental (NCOs), SCOs, and DCOs. One has been donefor you.11.) After each SCO/DCO label, write which gene got “unlinked” in these offspring.12.) Put these three genes into a genetic map in the proper order.13.) Calculate the genetic distance between the genes and label the map with these distances.14.) Calculate the cross-over interference15.) Return to questions #1-6 above. For question 6, you gave your opinion, but…In humans color vision is X-linked, the gene for color vision is located on the X chromosome but is absent on the Y chromosome. Normal color vision (XN) is dominant over colorblindness (Xn). Suppose a colorblind man fathers the children of a woman with genotype XNXN. What is the genotype of the father? What proportion of daughters will be colorblind? What proportion of the sons will be colorblind?X-linked recessive, carrier mother Unaffected. Carrier mother father X Y XX |Unaffected |Affected I Carrier XY Unaffected Unaffected Carrier daughter Affected son daughter U.S. National Library of Medicine son Color blindedness is a sex-linked trait. If we could see the pedigree chart for several more generations of the family illustrated here, we would expect A) more males to be color blind. B) móre females to be color blind. no females to ever be color blind. D) an equal number of males and females that are color blind.
