8 How can changes in the time delay of the feedback in a biological amplifier change the response of the biological system in for example activating the immune system Or how might the timing of an external signal change the response of oscillating biological system?
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- 5. The following is a sequence of steps that describes the flow of information from an external stimulus to a physiological response: Stimulus- → sensor → integrator→ effector→→→ response When you walk into the cold wearing only a T-shirt, you shiver. a) Identify the stimulus, sensor, integrator, effector, and response in this interaction between you and the cold. (please respond in your blue book) Stimulus Sensor Integrator Effector Response b) i) Explain what shivering accomplishes regarding thermoregulation, and ii) illustrate using the temperature vs time axes below (please redraw into your blue book). Time c) In response to a viral infection, your body mounts a fever in response, i) Explain generally why it does so and ii) describe the steps from infection to the rise in your body's temperature that we have discussed in class. d) After your immune system subdues the virus, you wake up in sweaty clothes. i) Explain generally why you wake up in that state and ii) describe the steps…10. Which one of the following statements is true of the regulation of activities in the human body? J K L Hormones are always transported directly from a gland to an effector The interval between stimulus and response is usually greater if a message is transmitted by the nervous system rather than the endocrine system M Some processes are controlled by both the nervous and endocrine system 11. Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates milk release during breast feeding. The diagram below shows the stimulus response model for milk release during breast feeding. Messages carried by nerves generally have longer-lasting effects than hormonal messages Sensory receptor Suckling - Oxytocin Blood sel J Sensory receptor K Hypothalamus L Blood vessel M Smooth muscle in breasts A Smooth muscle in breasts Hypothalamus/ posterior pituitary gland Which one of the following is the effector in the pathway? Milk release 12. The Cannabinoids are drugs that prevent the fusion of vesicles with the…n 5. In experiment on a frog the conducting ways transsection between the brain and the thoracal part of the spinal cord was carried out. The irritation of skin receptors of back extrimity by 1% solution of sulfuric acid will lead to withdrawal reflex of back extremity thanks to: A. The integrated nervous centre The local nervous centre B. C. Increase in the force of irritation D. Increase in duration of irritation E. Everything that is above named
- Which of the following could not elicit a signal transduction response? a. a protein kinase b. a virus mimicking a normal signal molecule c. a peptide hormone d. a steroid hormone e. a neurotransmitter7.Which among the following statement is INCORRECT?(This is a multiple choice question choose the answer from the choices below) A.Motor neurons can cause the secretion of hormones from endocrine glands in addition to affecting the movement of muscles B.Sensory neurons send signals away from the CNS and elicit some type of response C.Motor neurons are efferent neurons that leave the CNS and act on distant cells D.Sensory neurons receive a stimulus either directly or from a specialized sensory receptor cell, and pass the signal on to the CNS5.. How would your nervous system respond if you encounter a snake on a hiking trail? The parasympathetic nervous system would send signals to increase the heart rate, decrease salivation, and increase respiration The somatic nervous system sends signals to the central nervous system to increase heart rate and respiration. The sympathetic nervous system would send signals to increase the heart rate, decrease salivation, and increase respiration The autonomic nervous systern would send signals to the somatic nervous system to increase respiration and heart rate
- 1. What statement is true regarding the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? x The efferent division of the PNS is transmits information from sensory receptors to the brain X The somatic division of the PNS refers to the innervation of the internal organs of the body X The ventral root of the spinal nerve transmits afferent information to the spinal cord x The autonomic nervous system is a branch of the visceral efferent division of the PNS20. Select from the list below the one coding requirement that is used in each of the following three scenarios: 1) the knee-jerk reflex, 2) reduction of pain perception by rubbing the injured area, and 3) high frequency sound localization. A. Inhibitory interneurons. B. Second messenger pathways. C. Coincidence detection. D. None of the answers. E. Rapidly adapting neurons.1.) What is the general understanding of biological processes, including depolarization, nerve impulse transmission and synaptic transmission 2.) what is integrating a sense (ie. vision hearing etc.) into knowledge of reflex arcs and then arranging the events in order they would occur 3.) how an external substance would change the distribution of ions in a resting membrane and alter the electrochemical response 4.) identifying the names and locations of glands th
- 3. Construct the following. A fully recurrent network with 3 neurons, but with no self-feedback. A fully connected feed forward network has 6 source nodes, 2 hidden layers, one with 3 neurons and the other with 2 neurons, and a single output neuron. i. 11.3) What are the three different types of Noises associated with biomedical signals? What are the various ways by which noise in measurement can be reduced? ot A 2s 20 6 me1oeT prilgme3 JeupyM.ncieavno latipid ol ptipia of5. Given the description of a physiological process, draw a control system diagram and identify each of the following components: a. Sensor. b. Afferent pathway. c. Control center (integrating center). d. Efferent pathway. e. Effector.
