4) A 10-mg quantity of phenanthrene (MW = 178) is added to a 1-L flask containing 500 mL of air and 500 mL of water. Predict the aqueous phase equilibrium concentration of phenanthrene at 25° C if the values for this compound for the first four properties and constants listed in Table 2.2 are: C's = 1.1 mg/L, P = 1.6 × 107 atm, X = 4.0 × 10¯³atm – m³/mol, and log Kow = 4.52.
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- 10. 15.81mL of 0.0593 M NaOH was required to react in the titration with benzoic acid extracted from 100.25 g of catsup. Report the results of this analysis in terms of percent sodium benzoate (144.10g/mol).The value of Ksp for Mg3(AsO4)2 is 2.1 * 10-20. The AsO43- ion is derived from the weak acid H3AsO4 (pKa1 = 2.22; pKa2 = 6.98; pKa3 = 11.50). (a) Calculate the molar solubility of Mg3(AsO4)2 in water.The concentration of K+ and Cl- in a saturated solution of KCl is 3.7 M(9a): What is the Ksp of KCl?(9b): Two test tubes each contain 100 mL of saturated KCl and no solid KCl is present in either test tube.100 mL of 6.0 M HCl is added to test tube A and 100 mL of 12 M HCl is added to test tube B. Calculate theconcentrations of K+ and Cl- in both test tubes after mixing but before any reactions happen.(9c): Calculate the reaction quotient, Q, in each test tube.(9d): Predict what you would observe in both test tubes and explain your prediction.
- Ca(OH)2 has a Ksp of 6.5 x 10-6. (a) If 0.370 g of Ca(OH)2is added to 500 mL of water and the mixture is allowedto come to equilibrium, will the solution be saturated?(b) If 50 mL of the solution from part (a) is added to eachof the beakers shown here, in which beakers, if any, will aprecipitate form? In those cases where a precipitate forms,what is its identity?10.06 cm³ of the stock 0.100 mol dm-3 solution of NaOH was required to fully neutralise 49.5 mg of a diprotic acid (H2A). Write a balanced equation for this reaction and hence determine the molar mass (Mr) of the acid.Benzoic acid, C6H5COOH (pKa = 4.19), is only slightly soluble in water, but its sodium salt, C6H5COO Na", is quite soluble in water. In which of the following solutions will benzoic acid dissolve more readily than in pure water? O NAHCO; O LIOH O H;SO4 O HCI OK½CO3
- Calculate the solubility of calcium carbonate water temperature of 5 °C; at that temperature, Ksp = 8.1 x 10^-9 for CaCO3, Ka = 2.8 x 10^-11 for HCO3-, and Kw = 2.0 x 10^-14.Write the charge balance and material balance(s) that are needed to determine the equilibrium solution composition for each of the following aqueous solutions: (a) 10-3 M benzoic acid (b) 10-3 M Na2S (c) 10-3 M (NH4)2CO3 (d) 10-3 M (NH4)2CO3 plus 5 × 10-3 M (NH4)3PO4 plus 10-3 M CaCO3Formulate a hypothesis regarding the solubility of aspirin at different pH.The experimentA) Three teaspoons of water (approx. 15 ml) were added to one tablet said to contain 300 mg of aspirin. Fizzingwas observed. Most of the tablet dissolved, but there were some solid particles. By heating the mug in amicrowave for 10 second increments until the water came to the boil (approx. 3x), all of the solid particlesdissolved. The solution was left to cool to room temperature and then placed in a fridge and NOTHINGHAPPENED. Try this yourself if you can spare two aspirin tablets, your results might look different.• Questions to ask:1. What might the fizzing bubbles be?2. Can you give a chemical explanation?3. Can you write a chemical reaction equation with aspirin reacting with something to give a gas and aspirinin another form?4. What might be the formulation (what the manufacturer mixes with aspirin in making the tablet) “trick”for aspirin to improve solubility?5. How does this compare with…
- Calculate the Ksp of the following compounds, given their molar solubilities. (a) CuS, 7.33 × 10-19 M (b) Cu(ОН)2, 1.76 х 10-7 М (c) Mg3 (PO4)2, 6.20 × 10–6 MWhat would happen to the solubility of BaSO4BaSO4in a 0.10 M CaSO4 solution in comparison to its solubility in water?Tooth enamel is composed of hydroxyapatite, whose simplest formula is Ca5(PO4)3OH, and whose corresponding Ksp = 6.8 * 10-27. As, fluoride in fluorinated water or in toothpaste reacts with hydroxyapatite to form fluoroapatite, Ca5(PO4)3F, whose Ksp = 1.0 * 10-60. Write the expression for the solubility-constant for hydroxyapatite and for fluoroapatite.