3. Explain where a perfectly competitive firm's marginal revenue curve is located relative to price and demand. 4. What is the optimal output rule for profit maximization? Draw a graph to show the output level where a perfectly competitive firm maximizes profit.
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- Explain how the profit-maximizing rule of setting P=MC leads a perfectly competitive market to be allocatively efficient.Firms ill a perfectly competitive market are said to be price takers that is, once the market determines an equilibrium price for the product, firms must accept this price. If you sell a product in a perfectly competitive market, but you are not happy with its price, would you raise the price, even by a cent?The market for peanut butter in Nutville ismonopolistically competitive and in long-runequilibrium. One day, consumer advocate Jif Skippydiscovers that all brands of peanut butter in Nutvilleare identical. Thereafter, the market becomes perfectlycompetitive and again reaches its long-run equilibrium.Using an appropriate diagram, explain whether eachof the following variables increases, decreases, or staysthe same for a typical firm in the market.a. priceb. quantityc. average total costd. marginal coste. profit
- 1. Assume the market for coffee mugs is perfectly competitive. Firms in themarket are producing output, but are currently making economic losses. a. How does the price of coffee mugs compare to the average total cost, the averagevariable cost, and the marginal cost of producing coffee mugs?b. Draw two graphs, side by side, illustrating the present situation for the typical firm andin the market.c. Assuming there is no change in either market demand or the firms’ cost curves,explain what will happen in the long run to the price of coffee mugs, marginal cost,average total cost, the quantity supplied by each firm, and the total quantity supplied tothe market.Using graph, explain when the firm in a competitive market is in equilibrium?5. Profit maximization and shutting down in the short run Suppose that the market for cashmere sweaters is a competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. PRICE (Dollars per sweater) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 O MC 0 10 ATC AVC 20 30 40 50 60 70 QUANTITY (Thousands of sweaters) 80 90 100 ?
- Suppose pretzel stands in New York City are aperfectly competitive market in long-run equilibrium.One day, the city starts imposing a $100 per monthtax on each stand. How does this policy affect thenumber of pretzels consumed in the short run andthe long run?a. down in the short run, no change in the long runb. up in the short run, no change in the long runc. no change in the short run, down in the long rund. no change in the short run, up in the long run4. Profit maximization in the cost-curve diagram A Consider a perfectly competitive market for shirts. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. PRICE Dollars per sht 20 HE 16 12 34 LE AD 72 OUTPUT (Theunts of shirts! Chow Ad In the short run, at a market price of $185 per shirt, this firm will choose to produce shirts per day. On the previous graph, use the blue rectangle (dirde symbols) to shade the area representing the firm's economic profit or loss if the market price is $18 and the firm chooses to produce the quantity you already selected. Tool tip: Mouse over the shaded region on the graph to see its area. The area of this rectangle indicates that the firm would have per day. For each price in the following table, calculate the firm's optimal quantity of units produced and determine the economic profit or loss if it produces at that quantity. Use the data from the previous graph to identify its total variable cost. Assume that if the…The situation facing by firm "Smart", a producer of running shoes, is shown in the following figure. 100 MC ATC 80 60 40 20 MR 50 100 150 200 Quantity (pairs of running shoes per week) a. What quantity does Smart Shoes produce? Answer: b. What is the price of a pair of Smart shoes? Answer: c. What is Smart's economic profit or economic loss? Answer: Why MR curve is below to demand curve Price and cost (dollars per pair) 8
- 3. What is the meaning of ‘acceptable loss’ for a perfectly competitive firm ?Draw a graph and explain. 4. How can we increase the Total Revenue of products by using elasticity ?Explain them briefly.Use the graph below of a perfectly competitive firm to answer these questions and assume that the industry price is $P4 Price P₂ aaaa P₁ MC AVC ATC Q₁Q₂ Q3 Q4 Quantity 1. At an industry price of P4, what is the profit mazimizing level of output and what type of profit/loss is the firm earning 2. If there is a decrease in industry demand causig the industry price to fall to P2, what is the profit maximizing level output, pr position of the firm or is this firm producing in the short run? 3. What industry price represents the long run profit position for the firm?QUESTION 3 Figure: Cost Curves for Corn Producers Price, cost of bushel $30 26 22 18 14 10 مان 6 2 0 1 MC 2 3 4 5 6 7 Quantity of corn (bushels) ATC AVC The market for tomatoes is perfectly competitive. The market price of a bushel of tomatoes is $18. At the profit ]maximizing quantity of output in the figure, the farmer's total revenue is , total cost is , and profit is