2. This term means without water. a. carbonyl b. hydroxyl c. anhydride d. carboyl 3. Compounds containing the cyano group. a. nitriles b. amides c. amines d. nitrates 4. General formula of a Grignard reagent. a. RCOX b. RCN c. RCOOH d. RMgX 5. Organic derivatives of ammonia, derived from replacing one, two or all three hydrogens of the ammonia. a. amide b. amine c. cyan d. nitro 6. Sulfur analogs of alcohols where the O in R-OH is replaced by sulfur. a. Thioesters b. Thiols c. Thioaldehydes d. Thioethers 7. General formula of alkanes. a. CnH2n b. CnH2n+2 c. CnH2n-2 d. R-OH 8. General formula of alkenes. a. CnH2n b. CnH2n+2 c. CnH2n-2 d. R-OH 9. General formula of alkynes. a. CnH2n b. CnH2n+2 c. CnH2n-2 d. R-OH 10. Which is soluble in water? a. methanol b. ethanol c. propanol d. all of the above 11. Which substance will have the highest boiling point? a. methanol b. ethanol c. propanol d. butanol 12. Which property will increase the boiling point? a. electronegativity b. number of carbon atoms c. Wan der Waals forces d. all of the above 13. Branching or steric effects will: a. decrease the boiling point b. increase the boiling point c. decrease volatility d. can not be determined 14. Which has the highest boiling point? a. n-pentane b. neo-pentane c. isopentane d. can not be determined 1 5. Which is correct? a. stronger VWAF decreases solubility b. greater number of C atoms decreases solubility c. steric effect enhances solubility in water d. all of the above 16. Which is very soluble in water? a. methane b. ethane c. propane d. none of the above 17. Which substance will have the highest boiling point? a. formic acid b. acetic acid c. propionic acid d. butyric acid 18. Which substance is solid in room temperature? a. methane b. pentane c. decane d. none of the above 19. What are the ways of easing crowding effects? a. render a group out of plane b. release a hydrogen atom c. both a and b d. none of the above 20. Which group has electron-repelling inductive effects? a. methyl b. -Cl c. -NH2 d. -OH 21. Which group has electron-attracting inductive e1ffects? a. propyl b. -NH3+ c. -F d. -OCH3
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
The field of chemistry which deals with the studies of reactions, structures, and properties of organic compounds that comprise carbon bonded through covalent bonding is organic chemistry. The studies regarding the structure of organic compounds could be determined with the help of structural formulas. In order to know about the behavior of organic compounds, a study on the properties has to be done. Both physical properties and chemical properties, the origin of chemical reactivity come under the study regarding the properties of organic compounds. The chemical preparation of polymers, drugs, natural products, and the study of separate organic molecules in the lab come under the study of organic reactions.
Vinyl Group
Vinyl group is the name given to the functional group of -CH=CH2. It can be seen as an ethene molecule with one less hydrogen in number. Hence it is also called as ethenyl group at times.
Straight Chain Hydrocarbons
The requirement to identify each compound needs a richer number of words than informative prefixes like n and iso. The identification of organic molecules is made easier by the use of systematic nomenclature schemes. The organic chemistry nomenclature has two types: traditional and systematic. Common names arise in many forms, but share the characteristic that a link through name and form is unnecessary. The name that matches a certain structure clearly must be remembered as knowing a person's name. In contrast, systemic names, including an overall common set of laws, are locked specifically to the chemical structure.
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
Following are few examples of alkenes with their general molecular as well as their structural formulas:
Conjugated Compounds in Organic Chemistry
The delocalization of electrons in a molecule is called conjugation in organic chemistry. This delocalisation process of electrons leads to the shortenings or elongations of chemical bonds, but at the same time it causes changes in the chemical properties in conjugated molecules as compared to the non-conjugated ones. For example, conjugated molecules absorb light at longer wavelengths.
Alpha Carbon And Alpha Protons
The carbon directly attached to the functional group in an organic molecule is referred to as the alpha carbon and the hydrogen attached to an alpha carbon are termed as the alpha hydrogens or alpha protons. These alpha carbon atoms and alpha hydrogen atoms are of importance because they undergo certain characteristic reactions in organic chemistry.
2. This term means without water.
a. carbonyl
b. hydroxyl
c. anhydride
d. carboyl
3. Compounds containing the cyano group.
a. nitriles
b. amides
c.
d. nitrates
4. General formula of a Grignard reagent.
a. RCOX
b. RCN
c. RCOOH
d. RMgX
5. Organic derivatives of ammonia, derived from replacing one, two or all three hydrogens of the ammonia.
a. amide
b. amine
c. cyan
d. nitro
6. Sulfur analogs of alcohols where the O in R-OH is replaced by sulfur.
a. Thioesters
b. Thiols
c. Thioaldehydes
d. Thioethers
7. General formula of
a. CnH2n
b. CnH2n+2
c. CnH2n-2
d. R-OH
8. General formula of
a. CnH2n
b. CnH2n+2
c. CnH2n-2
d. R-OH
9. General formula of
a. CnH2n
b. CnH2n+2
c. CnH2n-2
d. R-OH
10. Which is soluble in water?
a. methanol
b. ethanol
c. propanol
d. all of the above
11. Which substance will have the highest boiling point?
a. methanol
b. ethanol
c. propanol
d. butanol
12. Which property will increase the boiling point?
a. electronegativity
b. number of carbon atoms
c. Wan der Waals forces
d. all of the above
13. Branching or steric effects will:
a. decrease the boiling point
b. increase the boiling point
c. decrease volatility
d. can not be determined
14. Which has the highest boiling point?
a. n-pentane
b. neo-pentane
c. isopentane
d. can not be determined 1
5. Which is correct?
a. stronger VWAF decreases solubility
b. greater number of C atoms decreases solubility
c. steric effect enhances solubility in water
d. all of the above
16. Which is very soluble in water?
a. methane
b. ethane
c. propane
d. none of the above
17. Which substance will have the highest boiling point?
a. formic acid
b. acetic acid
c. propionic acid
d. butyric acid
18. Which substance is solid in room temperature?
a. methane
b. pentane
c. decane
d. none of the above
19. What are the ways of easing crowding effects?
a. render
a group out of plane
b. release a hydrogen atom
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
20. Which group has electron-repelling inductive effects?
a. methyl
b. -Cl
c. -NH2
d. -OH
21. Which group has electron-attracting inductive e1ffects?
a. propyl
b. -NH3+
c. -F
d. -OCH3
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