2 Performance / TCP A L1 Consider the following network: R L2 B Assume the network uses packet switching and 2 Kilobyte packets. Assume both L1 and L2 each have a propagation delay of 0.1 seconds. We are sending a 100 Kilobyte file. 5. If L1 has infinite bandwidth, and L2 has a bandwidth of 1 Megabit (125 Kilobytes) per second, how long does it take to send the entire file?
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- Berkeley Computer Science example (CS-168): Picture this: there are two hosts (A and B). The two hosts are connected by 50 msec of propagation delay. The bandwidth is equal to 106 B/sec. Note that the hosts use a sliding window where (W = 4, and packet size = 1000 Bytes) with (Selective Repeat). We will ignore the size of ACK and assume that the timer value for each packet is set as (send time + RTT) and retransmission occurs immediately after a timer expires. Make sure to assume that the packets are sent in sequence starting at time 0. How long does it take to successfully receive all 4 packets (P_0, P_1, P_2, P_3). Your answer should be in milliseconds. 1. When there is no packet loss. 2. When the P_1 packet becomes lost, but there is no further packet lossSkype is a well‑known VoIP system used not only for peer‑to‑peer conversations but also for audio and video conferencing involving three or more callers. Assume a video conference with a central server on Skype has N callers, and each caller generates a constant data stream at rate r bps. How many bits per second does the call initiator need to send? How many bits does each of other N‑1 callers need to send?6. Consider sending over HTTP a Web page that consists of one video clip, and five images. Suppose that the video clip is transported as 25 frames, and each image has 4 frames. a. If all the video frames are sent first without interleaving, how many "frame times" are needed until all five images are sent? b. If frames are interleaved, how many frame times are needed until all five images are sent.
- Please solve it correctly and please provide explanation of your answers. A PC and a Web Server are communicating over a TCP connection. The PC had started the three way handshake with the initial sequence number of 3069 . The Web Server's initial sequence number is 4830 . The window size of the PC is 815 bytes and the window size of the Web Server is 463 bytes. Using the third TCP handshake ack segment the PC sends the http request of the size 396 bytes to the Web Server. Then the Web Server answers with 3 segments containing the requested data. The first segment size is 42 bytes and the second segment size is 276 bytes and the third segment size is 146 bytes respectively. The PC receives all three segments within the timer. But unfortunately the second segment was corrupted. So the PC immediately sends an acknowledgement segment. Assume that the PC uses Selective Repeat/Reject ARQ. (d) What will be the window size of PC A after receiving only the first segment from webserver? (e)…Please solve it correctly and please provide explanation of your answers. A PC and a Web Server are communicating over a TCP connection. The PC had started the three way handshake with the initial sequence number of 3069 . The Web Server's initial sequence number is 4830 . The window size of the PC is 815 bytes and the window size of the Web Server is 463 bytes. Using the third TCP handshake ack segment the PC sends the http request of the size 396 bytes to the Web Server. Then the Web Server answers with 3 segments containing the requested data. The first segment size is 42 bytes and the second segment size is 276 bytes and the third segment size is 146 bytes respectively. The PC receives all three segments within the timer. But unfortunately the second segment was corrupted. So the PC immediately sends an acknowledgement segment. Assume that the PC uses Selective Repeat/Reject ARQ. (a) What will be the sequence number of the third TCP handshake signal send from PC to webserver?…Please solve it correctly and please provide explanation of your answers. Please answer parts g, h and i. A PC and a Web Server are communicating over a TCP connection. The PC had started the three way handshake with the initial sequence number of 3069 . The Web Server's initial sequence number is 4830 . The window size of the PC is 815 bytes and the window size of the Web Server is 463 bytes. Using the third TCP handshake ack segment the PC sends the http request of the size 396 bytes to the Web Server. Then the Web Server answers with 3 segments containing the requested data. The first segment size is 42 bytes and the second segment size is 276 bytes and the third segment size is 146 bytes respectively. The PC receives all three segments within the timer. But unfortunately the second segment was corrupted. So the PC immediately sends an acknowledgement segment. Assume that the PC uses Selective Repeat/Reject ARQ. g) The second segment from webserver was corrupted. So the PC…
- Suppose we have a web page which contains 10 objects including: a html main file, 8 jpg image, and a .mp3 background music. For simplicity, assume each of the 10 objects has a size of 4 Kbits and that each object can be completely transferred in one TCP packet. Furthermore, assume the round-trip time between the server and client is RTT= 250 ms, and the download rate is 1 Mbps. What will be the time it takes to complete transferring the web page running in the non-persistent mode? Total delay = msQ2- You are designing a connection mechanism between two programs, sending packets of data over the internet. You are trying to choose a size for the packets to be sent, depending on the capacity of the channel (channel bandwidth). For example, if a channel has a capacity of 10KB, then you can choose a packet size of 10KB, and send one packet, or choose a packet size of 5KB and send two packets...Etc. The problem you face is that the two programs are at two different locations, with two different channel capacities. If the first channel had a capacity of 3201KB, and the second channel had a capacity of 4565KB, find the maximum packet size that is suitable for both channels.4. The figure below shows a router connected to 4 devices. All devices, including the router, have transmission rates = 1 Mbits/s. The router can process the data instantaneously (processing delay= Os for all packets). The queue can hold a maximum of 10 Mbits at any given time, Note that all packets have to join the queue. The table in the figure shows the time at which packets are generated (in s), where they are generated, where they are going, and the size of each packet. R=1 Mbits/s B R = 1 Mbits/s A Router Queue Processing Delay = Os Transmission Rate = 1 Mbits/s C R = 1 Mbits/s Time (s) from to Size (Mbits) t=0 R = 1 Mbits/s t = 1 D t = 2 В t = 10 D BD ACBO 5 5 A 10 C 10 t = 11 A B 5
- For NAT Network Address Translation Scenario: Jenny Bello is a small business owner selling and making customized computer peripherals. She has been finding it difficult to track her sales and inventories, however recently after an expert's advice, she adopted a Point of Sale (PoS) server. So, she can now track her sales and inventories at the store. However, she ran into another issue, the server can only be accessed within the store, because it has been assigned a private IPv4 address, it is not publicly accessible via the Internet. a) Why is not having the PoS server accessible over the Internet a problem for the business? b) What caused this problem? c) Propose a solution for the problem and explain how the solution works.(a) Suppose a server S and client C are connected over the Internet. The one-way prop- agation delay from S to C is 50 ms. The maximum throughput between S and C is R = 200 Mbps. A browser on client C makes an HTTP request for a webpage on server S. The base HTML file is of size 500 KB and it references five objects, each of size 5 MB. Find the total response time for the client to receive the entire webpage using nonpersistent HTTP with up to two parallel connections. Assume that when two par- allel connections are active, the throughput for each connection is 40% of the maximum throughput R. (b) Suppose an application running on host ece.gmu.edu needs to resolve the domain name cs.vtech.edu. Draw a diagram (with labels) showing the sequence of queries/responses in a recursive DNS query to find the answer in a scenario where all levels of the DNS hierarchy are involved.A frame containing http request is sent from Computer (A) [in whichever subnet it is now, make sure to show it in your figure], to the access point it is associated with. Draw the address fields (1, 2, and 3) of the frame travelling from Computer A to AP and the source and destination addresses of the frame travelling from AP to R1. The MAC addresses of AP1, AP2, and AP3 are M1, M2, and M3 respectively, and the Router R1’s MAC address connected to this Switch/AP is MRA. IP address values are already given, and the port addresses could also be used as given. The Router’s MAC address facing WAN side is MRW.