Answered: 18.10 Anger and heart disease. A…

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018

18th Edition

ISBN:9780079039897

Author:Carter

Publisher:Carter

Chapter4: Equations Of Linear Functions

Section4.5: Correlation And Causation

Problem 2AGP

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18.10 Anger and heart disease. A nonexperimental study looked at whether people who angered easily were more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who angered less easily. Spielberger anger scale scores were classified into low, moderate, and high categories. Individuals were followed for up to 72 months (median follow-up time: 53 months). Table 18.9 shows cross-tabulated results for acute and fatal coronary incidents.

Calculate incidence proportions for each group. Test the association for statistical significance. Report the chi-square statistic, its df, and P-value.

TABLE 18.9 Data for Exercises 18.4 and 18.10. Coronary heart disease (CHD)
incidents according to anger-trait category.
Anger-level
CHD+
CHD-
Total
Low
31
3079
3110
Moderate
63
4668
4731
High
18
615
633
Total
112
8362
8474
Data from Williams, J. E., Paton, C. C., Siegler, I. C., Eigenbrodt, M. L., Nieto, F. J., & Tyrol-
er, H. A. (2000). Anger proneness predicts coronary heart disease risk: Prospective analysis
from the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Circulation, 101 (17), 2034–2039.

Definition Definition Middle value of a data set. The median divides a data set into two halves, and it also called the 50th percentile. The median is much less affected by outliers and skewed data than the mean. If the number of elements in a dataset is odd, then the middlemost element of the data arranged in ascending or descending order is the median. If the number of elements in the dataset is even, the average of the two central elements of the arranged data is the median of the set. For example, if a dataset has five items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31—the median is the third item in ascending order, or 21. If a dataset has six items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31, 33—the median is the average of the third (21) and fourth (27) items. It is calculated as follows: (21 + 27) / 2 = 24.

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