18. Immediately after ascending from sea level to 2100 m (7000 ft) above sea level, a healthy 27-year-old woman hyperventilates. Which of the following best explains thehyperventilation?A) Decreasing oxygen concentration in arterial blood stimulates the carotid and aortic bodiesB) Decreasing oxygen saturation in arterial blood stimulates the carotid and aortic bodiesC) Decreasing Po₂ in arterial blood stimulates the carotid and aortic bodiesD) Decreasing Po, in arterial blood stimulates central chemoreceptorsE) Decreasing Pco₂ in arterial blood stimulates carotid chemoreceptors

At high altitudes, the pressure of oxygen is reduced and so the lungs compensate by increasing…

Answered: 18. Immediately after ascending from…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter13: The Respiratory System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5TAHL

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38. Which of the following patterns of oxygen saturation most likely represents those obtained from a normal fetus (1 representing the highest saturation and 4 representing the lowest saturation)? A) B) C) D) E) Umbilical Vein 1 1 4 4 Inferior Vena Cava at the Diaphragm 23wNN Superior Vena Cava 3 423 3 Left Atrium 4 3 1 1 2
1. If lung compliance decreases with advancing age, in the absence of other changes: a) the work of breathing would increase. b)the lungs would be easier to inflate. c) lung elastance would decrease d) airway resistance would increase during inspiration 12. Assume a normal female with a resting tidal volume of 400 mL, respiratory rate of 13 breaths/min, and dead space of 125 mL. When she exercises, which of the following scenarios would be most efficient for increasing her oxygen delivery to the lungs? a) increase respiratory rate to 20 breaths/min but no change in tidal volume b) increase tidal volume to 550 mL but no change in respiratory rate c) increase tidal volume to 500 mL and respiratory rate to 15 breaths/min
15. Which of the following sets of findings is most likely in a 60-year-old woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Functional Residual Capacity A) B) C) D) E) Lung Compliance ↑ t Forced Vital Capacity + ↑
8. Which of the following measures of pulmonary function best discriminates between an obstructive and a restrictive disorder? A) Inspiratory capacity B) Forced midexpiratory flow (FEF 25%-75%) C) Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV₁) D) Forced vital capacity (FVC) E) Ratio of FEV₁ to FVC
11. If lung compliance decreases with advancing age, in the absence of other changes: a) the work of breathing would increase. b) the lungs would be easier to inflate. c) lung elastance would decrease d) airway resistance would increase during inspiration
42. A healthy 35-year-old woman is breathing room air while standing. Which of the following best explains why alveoli at the top of the lungs have a higher Po, than alveoli at the of the lungs in this woman?A) Higher perfusion per unit lung volumeB) Higher ratio of ventilation to perfusionC) Higher ventilation per unit lung volumeD) Lower perfusion per unit lung volumeE) Lower ratio of ventilation to perfusionF) Lower ventilation per unit lung volume
Select the correct statement regarding the Intrapulmonary pressure A) difference of atmospheric and respiratory pressures B) it is always negative C) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs D) pressure in the space between the visceral and parietal pleurae
Which of the following is TRUE of airway resistance in the respiratory system? O a) Resistance increases with increasing lung volume b) Resistance decreases with increasing lung volume Oc) Resistance decreases when bronchi are exposed to acetylcholine d) Resistance increases when bronchi are exposed to norepinephrine
4. The diffusing capacity of the lung for oxygen is decreased by an increase in which of the following? A) Alveolar membrane thickness B) Alveolar surface area C) Hematocrit D) Pulmonary capillary blood transit time E) Pulmonary capillary blood volume
All of the statements are true except A)Decreasing levels of oxygen in the blood are detected by chemoreceptors in the kidney. B)As a person's activity level increases, the level of CO2 in the blood increases and stimulates faster breathing. C)Chemoreceptors involved in the control of breathing are located in the brainstem and the carotid and aortic bodies. D)Breathing is controlled by both voluntary and involuntary mechanisms.
Your partner is ventilating you non-intubated, 1 year old at a rate of 60 times per minute. Which of the following is most likely to occur? A) Gastric distension B) Respiratory alkalosis C) APpropriate ventilations D) Hyperventilation syndrome
1) What effect does changes in compliance and resistance have the voumes and pressures delivered? A) Increased compliance, decreased resistance B) Increased compliance, increased resistance C) Decreased compliance, increased resistance D) Decreased compliance, decreased resistance 2) Identify possible clinical situations/disorders that would imitate the changes in compliance and resistance as demonstrated on the lung simulator in a patient requiring manual ventilation. A) Normal compliance, normal resistance B) Increased compliance, decreased resistance C) Increased compliance, increased resistance D) Decreased compliance, increased resistance E) Decreased compliance, decreased resistance

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18. Immediately after ascending from sea level to 2100 m (7000 ft) above sea level, a healthy 27-year-old woman hyperventilates. Which of the following best explains the hyperventilation?