15-24 Identify the molecules oxidized and reduced in the followingreactions:b)c)a) CH₂CH₂CHO + NADH + H+CH3CH (OH) CH₂COO + NAD+malate→ CH₂CH₂CH₂OH + NADsuccinate→>>> NADH + H+ + CH3COCH₂COOoxaloacetateOOCCH₂CH₂COO+FAD →>>>OOCCH=CHCOO™fumarate+ FADH₂

Many redox reactions occur during metabolism. Redox reactions necessitate the transfer or removal of…

Answered: 15-24 b) c) Identify the molecules…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The Eo values for the NAD/NADH and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate/1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate conjugate redox pairs are -0.32 V and -0.19 V, respectively. Beginning with 1 M concentrations of each reactant and product at pH 7 and 25 C, which statement is TRUE? Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate would become oxidized; NAD would become reduced. No reaction would occur because all reactants and products are already at their standard concentrations. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate would become oxidized; NADH2 would be unchanged because it is a cofactor. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate would become oxidized; NAD and NADH would become reduced. 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate would become reduced; NADH would become oxidized.
Oxaloacetic acid (C4H5O5, pKa1 = 2.56, pKa2 = 4.37), a diprotic acid, is part of the citric acid cycle. What is the concentration of oxaloacetic acid (C4H5O5) in a 0.5000 M solution of sodium oxaloacetate (Na2C4H3O5)?
Consider the following questions about glutamate dehydrogenase.(a) The reaction has NH3 as a reactant, instead of NH4+, which is far more abundant at physiological pH. Why is NH3 preferred?(b) Glutamate dehydrogenase has a KM for ammonia (NH3) of ~1 mM.However, at physiological pH, the dominant ionic species is ammoniumion, NH4+ (pKa = 9.2). Calculate the velocity (as a fraction of Vmax) that would be achieved by glutamate dehydrogenase if the total intracellularammonia concentration (NH3 + NH4+) is 100 mM (approximatephysiological concentration). Assume a mitochondrial matrix pH of 8.0.(c) The thermodynamic equilibrium for the reaction greatly favors aketoglutarate reduction; yet in mitochondria the enzyme acts primarily to oxidize glutamate to a-ketoglutarate. Explain.(d) Propose a reasonable mechanism for this reaction.
Potassium permanganate solutions used in oxidation-reduction titrations are sometimes standardized against Fe²⁺ ion. The reaction involved is 8H⁺(aq) + MnO₄⁻(aq) + 5Fe²⁺(aq) → 5Fe³⁺(aq) + Mn²⁺(aq) + 4H₂O(l). A convenient source for Fe²⁺ ion is ammonium iron(II) sulfate, (NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂(H₂O)₆ (FW = 392.14), also known as Mohr's salt, which is readily crystallized, and the crystals resist oxidation by air. A 0.6735 g sample of Mohr's salt is dissolved in 100 mL of acid solution, and the permanganate solution is added slowly from a buret. The endpoint is reached when 17.86 mL of the permanganate solution has been added. Calculate [MnO₄⁻], the molar concentration of the permanganate solution. Note: 0.0461 M and 0.0462 M are incorrect
3) Consider the oxidation of an organic acid: C18H3602(s) + 2602(g) → 18CO2(g) + 18H20 (1) a) Compute the RER. b) b) Determine the rate of energy expenditure at rest (RMR) if the rate of oxygen consumption 1.25 is liter/minute. c) How much energy will be burned if the exercise will proceed for 1 hour?
a) 2-Hydroxy-carboxylic acids in the citric acid cycle and in glycolysis (3 answers): b) how do the ring systems in tryptophan (indole ring) and in histidine (imidazole ring) fulfill the Hückel rule? c) How does the aromatic state affect the basicity of the ring nitrogens?
explain in quantitative terms the circumstances under which the following reaction can porceed; L-malate + NAD+ (forward arrow) oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ delta G' standard = +29.7 KJ/mol
A new drug, Proinebrium, that reduces Kcat (Ki = 2.0 uM) has been developed to treat ethylene glycol poisoning. (1) What concentration of Proinebrium is required to achieve 50% inhibition of ethylene glycol metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase when the concentraion of ethlyene glycol in the blood is 50 uM?
Consider the following interconversion, which occurs in glycolysis :(a) What is ΔG′° for the reaction ( K'eq measured at 25 °C)?(b) If the concentration of fructose 6-phosphate is adjusted to 1.5 M and that of glucose 6-phosphate is adjusted to 0.50 M, what is ΔG?(c) Why are ΔG′° and ΔG different?
Complete the balanced equation for the overall reaction. Select answer choice in between brackets. Sucrose + [2 Pi, 4Pi]+[4 ADP, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2ATP]+[2 NAD+, 4 NAD+, 6 NAD+]+[H2O, 5 H2O, 3 H2O] --> [2 cirate, 2 oxaloacetate, 2 pyruvate, 2 acetyl-coA]+[4 ADP, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2ATP] + [2 NAD+, 4 NAD+, 6 NAD+] + [2H+, 8H+, 6 H+, 4 H+, 10 H+] Does the commercial process require aerated culture medium—that is, is this a fermentation or an aerobic process? A. a fermentation process, because A. niger cells must use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ B. an aerobic process, because A. niger cells must use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ C. a fermentation process, because A. niger cells cannot use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ D. an aerobic process, because A. niger cells cannot use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+
Using the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle, determine how many ATP can be produced from one mole of each of the following compounds on complete oxidation?a.) Mannoseb.) Dihydroxyacetone phosphatec.) Citrated.) Malatee.) SuccinateAnswers vary between32 moles, 32 moles, 16 moles, 10 moles, 4 moles, and 2.5 moles
Using the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle, determine how many ATP can be produced from one mole of each of the following compounds on complete oxidation? a.) Mannose b.) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate c.) Citrate d.) Malate e.) Succinate Answers vary between 32 moles, 32 moles, 16 moles, 10 moles, 4 moles, and 2.5 moles

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781319114671

Author:

Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:

W. H. Freeman

Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781464126116

Author:

David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox

Publisher:

W. H. Freeman

Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781118918401

Author:

Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt

Publisher:

WILEY

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781319114671

Author:

Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:

W. H. Freeman

Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781464126116

Author:

David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox

Publisher:

W. H. Freeman

Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781118918401

Author:

Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt

Publisher:

WILEY

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781305961135

Author:

Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781305577206

Author:

Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological …

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9780134015187

Author:

John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson

Publisher:

PEARSON

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

15-24 b) c) Identify the molecules oxidized and reduced in the following reactions: a) CH₂CH₂CHO + NADH + H+ CH3CH₂CH₂OH + NAD* CH3CH (OH) CH₂COO + NAD →→ malate OOCCH₂CH₂COO+FAD succinate NADH + H+ + CH3COCH₂COO- oxaloacetate OOCCH=CHCOO fumarate + FADH₂