13.74 An electrolysis cell for aluminum production operates at 5.0 V and a current of 1.0 x 10° A. Calculate the number of kilowatt-hours of energy required to produce 1 metric ton (1.0 × 10' kg) of aluminum. (1 kWh = 3.6 × 10° J and 1J = 1 C V.)

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Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electrolyte, electrodes, and some form of external power source are the main components required for conducting electrolysis. A partition, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge, may also be used, but this is optional. These are primarily used to prevent the products from diffusing near the opposing electrode.