13. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Radicals are very reactive species. B. Radicals undergo methide and hydride shift just like carbonium ion intermediate. C. Radicals are electrophilic species. D. Radicals can be stabilized by both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. 14. The major product of each of the reactions can be predicted using Markovnikov' Rule EXCEPT A. Hydrohalogenation reaction of alkynes B. Hydrohalogenation reaction of alkenes C. Hydration reaction of alkynes D. Hydrogenation reaction of alkynes 15. Markovnikov's Rule is based on the formation of A. stable product. B. stable radical intermediate. C. stable transition state. D. stable carbonium ion intermediate.

13. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Radicals are very reactive species. B. Radicals undergo methide and hydride shift just like carbonium ion intermediate. C. Radicals are electrophilic species. D. Radicals can be stabilized by both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. 14. The major product of each of the reactions can be predicted using Markovnikov' Rule EXCEPT A. Hydrohalogenation reaction of alkynes B. Hydrohalogenation reaction of alkenes C. Hydration reaction of alkynes D. Hydrogenation reaction of alkynes 15. Markovnikov's Rule is based on the formation of A. stable product. B. stable radical intermediate. C. stable transition state. D. stable carbonium ion intermediate.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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B. Fill in the blank boxes with appropriate structures or reagents (and reaction conditions) EtO 1. NaOH, H₂O, A 2. H₂O* 1. LIAIH 2. H₂O* 1. 2. H₂O* NaBr H₂O 1. Me₂CuLi 2. H₂O
6. Give the structures of E2 reaction products of the following alkyl halides with a strong base. a a. 11 CI b. III Cl
A terminal alkyne (RC=CH) is exposed to excess HBr. What rule should be followed to determine the placement of the halogen atoms in the product? A. Markovnikov rule O B. Hofmann's rule O C. Zaitzev's rule D. Anti-Markovnikov rule
Items 49-51: Given the following reaction: CH3 H. CH3 49. What is the product of the reaction? A. В. C. D. 50. Which MO will be involved in this electrocyclic reaction? 888888 888888 888888 A. B. C. 51. The reaction will go through: A. a conrotatory motion B. a disrotatory motion C. none of these
43. Identify the reagent that will produce the following brominated product in greatest amount. Br A. Br₂/uv ? B. Br2/FeBr3 C. NBS D. Br2/CC14 44. Under acidic condition, which of the following compounds can not be oxidized by KMnO4. A. toluene B. 2-butene C. methylcyclohexane D. 2-butyne
43. Identify the reagent that will produce the following brominated product in greatest amount. Br A. Br2/uv B. Br2/FeBr3 C. NBS D. B12/CC14 44. Under acidic condition, which of the following compounds can not be oxidized by KMnO4. A. toluene B. 2-butene C. methylcyclohexane D. 2-butyne 45. What alkene product can be produced from the reaction of 2-hexyne with Lindlar's catalyst? A. cis-2-Hexene B. trans-2-Hexene C. Hexane D. A and B
10. In free-radical substitution reaction of alkanes with halogens under uv light, A. the photolytic breaking of the halogen is the rate determining step. B. the abstraction of hydrogen from alkane by the halogen radical is the rate determining step C. the formation of alkylradical is the rate determining step. D. the formation of halogen radical is the rate determining step. 11. Which of the following processes could be the termination step in free radical substitution reaction? A. C₂H6 ---→ 2CH3- B. C₂H6 +H --⇒ H₂ + C₂H5 C. CH3 + CH3 --→ C₂H6 D. C₂H5 --→ C₂H4 + H
10. In free-radical substitution reaction of alkanes with halogens under uv light, A. the photolytic breaking of the halogen is the rate determining step. B. the abstraction of hydrogen from alkane by the halogen radical is the rate determining step C. the formation of alkylradical is the rate determining step. D. the formation of halogen radical is the rate determining step. 11. Which of the following processes could be the termination step in free radical substitution reaction? A. C₂H6 ---→ 2CH3 B. C₂H6 +H. --→ H₂ + C₂H5 C. CH3 + CH3 --→ C₂H₂ D. C₂H5 --→ C₂H4 + H 12. Which of the following is the most stable carbonium ion intermediate? A. primary carbonium ion B. secondary carbonium ion C. tertiary carbonium ion D. allyl carbonium ion
2. Which of the following alkynes will form only 1 product in acid-catalyzed hydration? a. 2-pentyne b. 3-hexyne c. 3-pentyne d. 1-hexyne 3. Which of the following statements best describes the general reactivity of alkynes? a. An alkyne reacts as an electrophile and is, therefore, electron poor. b. Alkynes undergo electrophilic addition reactions just like alkenes. c. An alkyne reacts as an electrophile and is therefore electron-rich. d. An alkyne reacts as a nucleophile and is therefore electron-poor.
6. Provide the structure for the major product in the following reactions. b. P f. OH g. Lia * Oia ملی CI 1. SOCI₂, pyr. 2. to Br 2 1. LIAIH4 (xs) 2. H₂O 1. LIAI(OR) 3H 2. H₂O 2. NH₂ Et₂CuLi 1. EtMgBr (xs) 2. H₂O 1. Mg 2. CO₂ 3. H* 4. SOCI₂, pyr 1. [H], NaBH3CN, EtNH₂ CI pyridine
4. Provide the missing reagent(s) and major product(s) for the following reactions. a. a.ii. b. НО. A + B a.i. H₂SO4 (conc.), A pyridine a.iii. HO a.iv. CI OH A B
Which of the statement is INCORRECT? a. The increase in stability of 2,4-hexadiene over 1,3-hexadiene is due to the increased double bond substitution of the former. b. The stabilization of dienes by conjugation is less pronounced than the aromatic stabilization of benzene. c. Resonance description in alkenes usually involves charge separation. d. Higher energy pi-orbitals often have decreasing number of nodes.