11. Refer to the figure below.ннН`NH2NH2N'N-2e-+H*RNAD+NADHNAD+ functions as a coenzyme in many enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The changes that take place in this coenzyme are the same for all of these reactions and are illustrated in the figure. It islikely that, in these reactions, NAD+functions as an electron acceptor (reducing agent) in redox reactions.functions as an electron donor (oxidizing agent) in redox reactions.functions as a base in acid-base catalytic mechanisms.functions as an electron donor (oxidizing agent) in redox reactions.functions as an electron acceptor (oxidizing agent) in redox reactions.+Z-

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD+ is a type of cofactor involved in many biological…

Answered: 11. Refer to the figure below. нн Н…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter20: Electron Transport And Oxidative Phosphorylation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?
Based on your knowledge of the structure of NAD+ and an assumption that coenzyme dissociation is the rate limiting step of the alcohol dehydrogenase mechanism, hypothesize why a N249W mutation at the coenzyme binding site would increase the rate of catalysis.
Match the following catalytic strategies with their example. Place a Letter on the picture. There are only two examples given. CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH он он OH OH + H20 OH OH OH но H. но но OH OH OH OH OH OH A. Oxidoreducatase B. Transferase C. Hydrolase D. Lyase NH3 E. Isomerase F. Ligase R-CH-COO "ooc-CH2-CH2-C-COO Amino acid a-Ketoglutarate
17. Omeprazole is a bioprecursor prodrug that is activated by protonation to give active metabolite that inhibits H¨,K*-ATPase covalently. By using chemical equations show activation of Omeprazole and its reaction to inhibit the H*,K*-ATPase. CH3 H3CO. s=0 H3C HNN Omeprazole OCH3 18. The following compound is an open-chain prodrug of benzodiazepines which undergo N- dealkylation to triazolam. Using chemical equations show transformation of this prodrug to triazolam. H3C H3C CH3 CH3 triazolam open-chain prodrug of triazolam
Match the following catalytic strategies with their example. Place a Letter on the picture. There are only two examples given. CH2OH CH2OH H. CH,OH CH2OH он он OH Kon + H2O OH HO OH OH OH HO но OH OH OH OH A. Oxidoreducatase OH OH B. Transferase C. Hydrolase D. Lyase NH3 E. Isomerase F. Ligase R-CH-COO + 00C-CH2-CH2-C-COO Amino acid a-Ketoglutarate NH3 + 00c-CH2-CH2–CH-C0 R-C-COO a-Keto acid Glutamate
Indicate whether each of the following changes represents oxidation or reduction. Write: O = for oxidation ; R= for reduction Example: cyt ci (Fet) → cyt c1 (Fe2+) Answer: R Blank #1: COQH2 → CoQ Blank #2: NAD+ - NADH Blank #3: FMN → FMNH2 Blank # 4: FADH2 FAD Blank #5: Fe(III) SP → Fe(II) SP Blank # 1 Blank # 2
3. Answer the following questions about the metabolic pathway shown below: glutamate dehydrogenase e NH3 0-C-C-cH2-CH2-C- 0-C-CH-CH2-CH2-C-O + H,O + NAD + NH + NADH + H (a) Label the correct substances as the substrate, enzyme, and co-enzyme. (b) Which of the six classes does the enzyme of this reaction belong to? Why? (c) What is the name of the first molecule in this reaction? (d) Which metabolic pathway is this reaction likely to be a part of? A. glycolysis B. deamination C. beta-oxidation D. fermentation
2. Please, determine the answers of these multiple choices, they’re in a,b,c’s. A) The role of oxygen in oxidative phosphorylation (cellular breathing) is: -To be the last electron acceptor in the electron transfer chain -To hydrolyse carbohydrates - To add hydrogen ions to pyruvic acid at the end of glycolysis -To provide electrons for NADP reduction -To provide hydrogen ions B) Which molecule has the most potential energy? -glucose -phosphate -fructose 1-6 diphosphate -ethanol -I'ATP C) What is the product of fermentation in yeasts? -carbonic acid -oxygen -ATP -lactic acid -ethanol
7. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction shown below. Kinetic data for the enzyme isolated from the thermophilic bacterium T. maritima are presented in the following table. CH₂OPO H но CH₂OPO OH H H OH Н OH Glucose-6-phosphate Substrate NADP+ NAD+ NADP+ Glucose-6-phosphate NADPH + H+ glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase H 12.0 НО H OH H Η OH 6-Phosphoglucono-8-lactone KM (mM) Vmax (Umg-¹) 0.15 20 0.03 20 6 a. NADPH inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. What kind of inhibitor is NADPH? b. How are the values of KM and Vmax likely to differ from those listed in the table if NADPH is present? c. Does glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase prefer NAD+ or NADP+ as a cofactor?
The metabolic reactions and enzymes that require NAD/NADH are shown in Figure 1. However, it is not specified whether oxidized or reduced NAD is used in each reaction, nor what form of NAD is produced as a product. Add this specificity to the attached figure. You are also welcome to draw your own figure.
38. The shown reaction is one of the four repeating steps during fatty acid biosynthesis. Which of the following statements is correct? 유 CH3-C-CH₂-C-S-ACP A B OH 유 CH3-C-CH₂-C-5-ACP → A. The small molecule in box A is NADPH + H* B. It is the second reduction reaction during fatty acid biosynthesis C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
Four electron carriers, a, b, c, and d, whose reduced and oxidized forms can be distinguished spectrophotometrically, are required for respiration in a bacterial electron-transport system. In the presence of substrates and oxygen, three different inhibitors block respira- tion, yielding the patterns of oxidation states shown below. What is the order of the carriers in the chain from substrates to O2, and where do the three inhibitors act? Carriers Inhibitor a b P 1 R 2 R R R 3 R R O and R indicate fully oxidized and fully reduced, respectively.

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781305577206

Author:

Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Biochemistry

ISBN:

9781305577206

Author:

Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS