10. What is the energy yield in ATP molecules associated with cach of the following: a. Glucose > 2 pyruvate • in anaerobic conditions: in aerobic conditions: b. 2 pyruvate → 2 acetyl-CoA + 2 CO, c. acetyl-CoA -→ 2CO, + 3NADH + FADH, (during the CAC) d. Glucose + 6 0, → 6 CO; + 6 H,O e. CAC, combined with the ETC (acetyl-CoA 2CO,)
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- What is the energy yield in ATP molecules associated with each of the following : a. Glucose > 2 pyruvate (aerobic / anaerobic conditions) b. NADH → NAD+ с. 2 рyruvate 2 аcetyl-CoA + 2 СО, d. acetyl-CoA > 2CO, + 3NADH+ FADH2 (CAC ) e. FADH, → FAD f. Glucose + 6 0,> 6 СО, + 6 H,о g. САС, сombined with the ETC (аcetyl-CoA 2CО)1. Outline the first round of lipid catabolism using a C18 saturated fatty acid. Indicate cofactors and type of chemistry that takes place. a. How much NADH, FADH2 and ACCOA are you getting from complete catabolism of this fatty acid? b. How many moles of ATP are you getting from the breakdown of this fatty acid? Keep in mind that in the mitochondria 1 mole FADH2 gives about 1.5 moles of ATP while 1 mole NADH yields about 2.5 moles of ATP.1. Determine the answers of these multiple choices please its "a, b, c". Do not explain it, only determining the word or the answer. A) At the end of glycolysis, most of the energy of glucose undergoing aerobic respiration is found in the molecules: -Lactic acid -Of ATP's -Pyruvic acid -Of reduced NAD -Of PGAL B) The final product or final products of the light reaction during photosynthesis is or are: -PGA and carbon dioxide -Decomposition of ATP and water -ATP and NADPH2 training -Leribulose diphosphate (RDP) -ATP formation and carbon -Dioxide absorption: drugs C) Choose the substance that is produced during glycolysis and that will be sent to the Krebs cycle: -the pyruvate -lactic acid -the PGAL -The NADH -fructose
- 1. For a saturated fatty acid with 28 carbon atoms: a. Write the products obtained from one cycle of beta oxidation. b. How many cycles of beta oxidation will be required for its complete breakdown? How many Acetyl CoA will be produced after its complete breakdown? (show the calculation) c. Calculate the total number of ATP molecules generated (total energy yield) after complete oxidation of this fatty acid. (show the complete Stepwise calculation)3. The ATP source for the glucose synthesis from lactate can be the conversion of lactate to pyruvate u subscquent oxidation of it to carbon dioxide and water. How many moles of lactate must be oxidized in the liver to CO, and H,O to provide ATP for the synthesis of I mole of glucose from lactate? For answer: a) depict the diagrams of the lactate oxidation and gluconcogenesis from lactate; b) indicate the reactions produced and consumed ATP; c) name the hormones that regulate gluconeogenesis in the liver, and explain the mechanism hormonal signal transduction.18. Considering the shown reaction that occurs in the skeletal muscle, which of the following statements is true? H HO CH₂OH он H H OH A ATP APP CH₂0- H H 06 он H НО OH B H OH H OH A. The only fate of the product B is to undergo glycolysis B. Accumulation of B would inhibit the reaction C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
- 1. For each of the products, identify the phase of aerobic respiration where these molecules will enter the process. a. glycerol b. fatty acids c. amino acids 2. predict the number of ATP molecules that could be produced from one glucose molecule if oxygen was not available.1. Determine the answers of these multiple choices please its “a, b, c”. A) At the end of glycolysis, most of the energy of glucose undergoing aerobic respiration is found in the molecules: -Lactic acid -Of ATP's -Pyruvic acid -Of reduced NAD -Of PGAL B) The final product or final products of the light reaction during photosynthesis is or are: -PGA and carbon dioxide -Decomposition of ATP and water -ATP and NADPH2 training -Leribulose diphosphate (RDP) -ATP formation and carbon -Dioxide absorption: drugs C) Choose the substance that is produced during glycolysis and that will be sent to the Krebs cycle: -the pyruvate -lactic acid -the PGAL -The NADH -fructose2. Regarding the glycolysis metabolic pathways covered in class: A. In the EMP metabolic pathway, what chemical is produced by anabolism of pyruvate? (1 step away) B. There are two products of step 4 in the EMP pathway. If they were not phosphorylated, how would you describe these as monosaccharides (for example, an aldohexose and a ketopentose)? C. In the TCA Cycle, what chemical is produced by catabolism of isocitrate? (1 step away) D. Describe the major differences between primary, secondary and partial oxidation metabolism in terms of (i) cell growth rate, (ii) oxygen consumption rate, and (iii) products formed.
- 2. Regarding the glycolysis metabolic pathways covered in class: A. In the EMP metabolic pathway, what chemical is catabolized to form pyruvate? (1 step away) B. There are two products of step 4 in the EMP pathway. If they were not phosphorylated, how would you describe these as monosaccharides (for example, an aldohexose and a ketopentose)? C. In the TCA Cycle, what chemical is produced by catabolism of isocitrate? (1 step away) D. Describe the major differences between primary, secondary and partial oxidation metabolism in terms of cell growth rate, (ii) oxygen consumption rate, and (iii) products formed.1. Put together the sequence of components (numbers) that form the glycolysis pathway and the linked reaction. Choose the sequence from the following metabolites. Also mention the step in which NADH/FADH; is formed along with the number. > Acetyl ÇoA > Glucose. > Pyruvate. > Fructose – 1, 6-bisphosphate > Glucose – 6- phosphate. > Phosphoenol – pyruvate. > 1,3– Bisphosphoglycerate. > Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Fructose – 6– phosphate > Glycerol 2-phosphate /2-phosphoglycerate. Dihydroacetone – phosphate.1. Put together the sequence of components (numbers) that form the glycolysis pathway and the linked reaction. Choose the sequence from the following metabolites. Also mention the step in which NADH/FADH2 is formed along with the number. > Acetyl Co.A > Glucose. > Pyruvate. Fructose – 1, 6-bisphosphate > Glucose – 6 – phosphate. > Phosphoenol – pyruvate. > 1, 3 – Bisphosphoglycerate. > Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Fructose – 6 – phosphate > Glycerol 2-phosphate /2-phosphoglycerate. > Dihydroacetone – phosphate. > Glycerol – 3 – phosphate / 3- phosphoglycerate.