1. For the game with payoff matrix Player B В, В, Вз A1 Player A A2 -1 -2 6 4 -6 determine the best strategies for players A and B. Also determine the value of game. Is this game saddle point?
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- Answer A.2 a-e a-c is in the picture here is d and e d) What is the qually likely decision? e) Develop a decision tree. Assume each outcome is equally likely, then find the highest EMV.3. The manager for a manufacturing company must recommend whether to construct a large plant, construct a small plant or do nothing. He estimates the long-run profits in $ as follows: State of Nature Alternative Good Average Poor Market($) Market ($) Market ($) Construct a 100,000 35,000 -60,000 large plant Construct a 75,000 25,000 -40,000 small plant Do nothing -5,000 0 0 Probability 25% 50% 25% Solve using: A. Expected Opportunity Loss B. Expected Value of Perfect Information4. "Family Man," a construction company, is considering whether to bid on a contract for a new housing complex. The cost of preparing a bid USD 200,000. “Family Man" has a 0.8 probability of winning the contract, if it submits the bid. If "Family Man" wins the bid, it has to pay USD 2000,000 to be a project partner of the project. As per the usual practice, "Family Man" will then consider consulting a market research firm "Marquess" to conduct a market survey to forecast the demand of housing complex before beginning the construction. "Marquess" charges a fee of USD 150,000. Now, the demand scenario can be either "High demand" or "Low demand." "Family Man" gets a revenue of USD 5000,000 and USD 3000,000 in case of "High demand" and "Low demand" scenario, respectively. On the other hand, instead of construction, "Family Man" has a provision of selling its project rights to another project partner construction company at the price USD 3500,000. As per the historical data, "Marquess"…
- Seneca Hill Winery recently purchased land for the purpose of establishing a new vineyard. Management is considering two varieties of white grapes for the new vineyard: Chardonnay and Riesling. The Chardonnay grapes would be used to produce a dry Chardonnay wine, and the Riesling grapes would be used to produce a semidry Riesling wine. It takes approximately four years from the time of planting before new grapes can be harvested. This length of time creates a great deal of uncertainty concerning future demand and makes the decision concerning the type of grapes to plant difficult. Three possibilities are being considered: Chardonnay grapes only; Riesling grapes only; and both Chardonnay and Riesling grapes. Seneca management decided that for planning purposes it would be adequate to consider only two demand possibilities for each type of wine: strong or weak. With two possibilities for each type of wine it was necessary to assess four probabilities. With the help of some forecasts in…DAAPS A decision maker has prepared the following payoff table. 1 States of Nature Alternative High Low Buy 80 10 Rent 60 45 Lease 50 40 Using the Maximin criterion, what is the best decision and the expected payoff? Best decision PayoffGiven the following payoff table with the profits ($m), a firm might expect alternative investments (A, B, C) under different levels of interest rate. payoffs as profits states of nature 1(5%) decision 2(7%) 3(9%) alternatives A 14 22 6. B 19 18 11 12 17 15 (a) Which alternative should the firm choose under the maximax criterion? (b) Which option should the firm choose under the maximin criterion? (c) Which option should the firm choose under the LaPlace criterion? (d) Which option should the firm choose with the Hurwicz criterion with a = 0.2? (e) Using a minimax regret approach, what alternative should the firm choose? (f) Economists have assigned probabilities of 0.35, 0.3, and 0.35 to the possible interest levels 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Using expected monetary values, what option should be chosen and what is that optimal expected value? (g) What is the most that the firm should be willing to pay for additional information? Use Expected Regre (h) Use the alternative method to…
- DECISION THEORY. A man has to decide wheter to resign or not from his present position and apply for a job offering him 2x his present salary, that is if he passes the qualifying test. At present, he receives $3000 monthly compensation. The offer from another company has a condition that he will not be allowed to take the qualifying test, he will immediately be taken in and have a monthly pay of $6000. If he fails, he will remain jobless, he feels that his chance of passing the test is 35%. Suppose he decides to base his decision on expected value, should he resign from his post or not?Option 2: Raise prices by 50%. If this occurs, there is a 75% chance that an Entrepreneur will set up in competition this year. The board’s estimate of its annual profit in this situation would be as follows: 2A: With new competitor 2B: Without new competitor Probability Profit (Sh.) Probability Profit (Sh.) 0.25 150,000 0.5 200,000 0.5 120,000 0.3 150,000 0.25 80,000 0.2 100,000 Option 3: Expand the car park quickly at a cost of Sh. 50,000 keeping prices theSame. The profits are then estimated to be like 2B above, except that the probabilities would be 0.6, 0.3 and 0.1 respectively. Required: Draw a decision tree for the above problem, including all the relevant data. Using expected values analyze the decision tree and recommend the best option to the owners of the car park.Q3. Warren Buffy is an enormously wealthy investor who has built his fortune through his legendary investing acumen. He currently has been offered three major investments and he would like to choose one. The first one is a conservative investment that would perform very well in an improving economy and only suffer a small loss in a worsening economy. The second is a speculative investment that would perform extremely well in an improving economy but would do very badly in a worsening economy. The third is a countercyclical investment that would lose some money in an improving economy but would perform well in a worsening economy. Warren believes that there are three possible scenarios over the lives of these potential investments: (1) an improving economy, (2) a stable economy, and (3) a worsening economy. He also estimates that his profits under these respective scenarios are those given by the following table: Conservative investment Speculative investment Countercyclical investment…
- 1. Explain the hypotheses of H1, H2 and H3.Seneca Hill Winery recently purchased land for the purpose of establishing a new vineyard. Management is considering two varieties of white grapes for the new vineyard: Chardonnay and Riesling. The Chardonnay grapes would be used to produce a dry Chardonnay wine, and the Riesling grapes would be used to produce a semidry Riesling wine. It takes approximately four years from the time of planting before new grapes can be harvested. This length of time creates a great deal of uncertainty concerning future demand and makes the decision concerning the type of grapes to plant difficult. Three possibilities are being considered: Chardonnay grapes only; Riesling grapes only; and both Chardonnay and Riesling grapes. Seneca management decided that for planning purposes it would be adequate to consider only two demand possibilities for each type of wine: strong or weak. With two possibilities for each type of wine it was necessary to assess four probabilities. With the help of some forecasts in…1. Procter, president of a food company, must decide whether to market a new breakfast drink which the R and D division has developed. A special meeting devoted to this topic yields the following information: ● The marketing vice-president has defined two possible outcomes for the success of this product; either the public will accept the product, or it will not. She believes that the product will be accepted with probability 0.1. ● The cost engineers believe that if the product is marketed and accepted, the company will net $100,000 yearly. If the product is rejected, however, the company will suffer a net loss of $20,000 yearly. If Procter decides not to market the product, her company will neither accrue more cost nor make any profit on this product. ● Procter always makes decisions based on the expected value of the outcomes.