. Which of the following is correct about peptide hormones? A, Need transport proteins in blood plasma. B. Transfer messages to an intracellular messenger. C. Can enter cells to activate or repress specific genes. D. Combine with receptors within the target cell cytoplasm.
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- What effect will a cAMP inhibitor have on a peptide hormone-mediated signaling pathway? It will prevent the hormone from binding its receptor It will prevent activation of a G-protein It will prevent activation of adenylate cyclase It will prevent activation of protein kinases.25. Which of the following is a critical factor for target cell activation by hormones? a. binding affinity between receptor and hormone b. number of receptors on target cell c. number of receptors in target cell d. b and c e. a, b, and c9. If the concentration of a plasma carrier was diminished, what would this do to the half-life of a steroid? a. increase half-life b. decrease half-life c. no change d. it depends on the steroid 10. Put the steps involved in generation and release of peptide hormones in the correct order: 1)cleavage into active hormone 2) transport into blood capillary 3)mRNA translation and preprohormone entrance into the ER 4) release signal into ECF 5)vesicular transport into Golgi apparatus 6)signal sequence peptide cleavage into prohormone
- 1. Which of the following is/are false? a. Peptide hormones are not able to penetrate the cell membrane B. Cathecolamines are not lipid soluble C. Steroid hormones bind to receptors on the outside of the cel membrane D. Thyroid hormone can cross the membrane. 2. Why are the receptors for amino acid-base hormones on the outside surface of cell membrane? A. Cells can respond faster when the hormones does not need to enter the cell B. Amino acid-base hormones cannot penetrate cell membrane C. Lysosomes in the intracellular fluid digest amino acid-base hormones D. Amini acid-base hormones have no role on activating genes in the nucleus. 3. Which one is NOT of action of hormones on their target cells? A. A hormone may stimulate the synthesis of an enzyme in the target cells B. Hormone may activate an enzyme by altering its shape C. A hormone may deactivate enzyme by altering its structure D. Some hormones are enzymes that promote a chemical reaction in cell5. The cells synthesizing steroid hormones are rich in.. A. róugh ER. B. smooth ER. C. lysosome. D. contractile vacuoles. E.peroxisomes.17. Steroid hormones are... a. polar hormones exert their effects via a second messenger system b. polar hormones exert their effects via an intracellular receptor C. nonpolar hormones exert their effects via an extracellular membrane receptor dnonpolar hormones exert their effects via a cytoplasmic or nuclear receptor e. nonexistent in the body
- 1. Why are the receptors for amino acid-base hormones on the outside surface of cell membrane? A. Cells can respond faster when the hormones does not need to enter the cell B. Amino acid-base hormones cannot penetrate cell membrane C. Lysosomes in the intracellular fluid digest amino acid-base hormones D. Amini acid-base hormones have no role on activating genes in the nucleus. 2. Which one is NOT of action of hormones on their target cells? A. A hormone may stimulate the synthesis of an enzyme in the target cells B. Hormone may activate an enzyme by altering its shape C. A hormone may deactivate enzyme by altering its structure D. Some hormones are enzymes that promote a chemical reaction in cell1. Norepinephrine and epinephrine act in a permissive manner to thyroid hormone. This means... A. Norepinephrine and epinephrine bind to TH receptors B. Norepinephrine and epinephrine antagonize the action of TH C. Norepinephrine and epinephrine upregulate the number of TH receptors, strengthening the effects of TH 2. Which mechanism of action is NOT common to both cortisol and growth hormone? A. Muscle building B. Mobilizing fatty acids4. Which of the following primarily act on cell surface receptors? (select all that apply) a. steroid hormones b. catecholamines c. peptide hormones d. none of the above 5. Which statement(s) is/are true based on the drawing above? (choose all that apply) a. the blue neurons could secrete cortisol b. the green cells could be secreting insulin-like growth factors c. a tertiary pathology occurs at the level of the blue neurons d. negative feedback only occurs at the level of the blue neurons e. the gold neurons are part of the portal system f. the gold neurons could secrete oxytocin 6. Which of the following hormones is most likely to act for the longest period of time? a. ACTH b. TSH c. Cortisol d. Dopamine e. TRH 7. Which of the following is derived from an amino acid? a. Tyrosine b. Epinephrine c. Androstenedione d. Prolactin 8. Based on the image above, the blue neuron is connected to the ______(a. anterior b. posterior) pituitary and a possible…
- 3. After eating food, the concentration of glucose in the blood increased, which caused the secretion of a hormone that normalized the concentration of glucose. A. Name this hormone, where is it made? B. Draw a diagram of the regulation of the release of this hormone. What is an adjustable parameter? C. Can there be a hormone concentration in the scheme as a RP. If so, show it in outline? D. Could it be that the concentration of the hormone in the blood was increased, but this would not lead to the normalization of the concentration of glucose in the blood, which remained above normal, and this would lead to the appearance of glucose in the urine and an increase in daily diuresis. E. Name the possible causes of a violation in the circuit of regulation of hormone secretion.1. Cortisol: a. is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex b. is a glucocorticoid c. has an antiimmunity effect d. all of the above 2. Protein hormones have hormone receptors in the cell: a. both a and c above b. membrane c. nucleus 3. D. cytoplasm The difference between a three- and a two-neuron reflex is that a three-neuron reflex: a. includes an efferent neuron b. includes an afferent neuron c. passes through the dorsal root ganglion d. includes an interneuron37. Which is not TRUE in the following statements? * a. Hormones affect various processes in the body as they regulate and balance the functioning of organs, tissues, and cells. b. Hormones greatly influence growth, appearance, emotions, and reproductive functions. c. Hormones play an essential role in the occurrence of disorders such as diabetes, thyroid disease, growth and/or sexual dysfunction. O d. Too much secretion of hormones does not affect homeostasis. 39. Which of the following statements best explains the Theory of Natural Selection? * a. Organs that are not used may disappear while organs that are constantly used may develop. b. In nature, the organisms with desirable characteristics may survive while those with weaker traits may not. O c. Organisms develop desirable structures to survive in a given environment. d. Acquired characteristics of parents can be passed on to offsprings. оо O O
