INTRODUCTION ADHD is a very common neurodevelopment disorder of childhood. It is usually diagnosed in late childhood, around the age of seven by the teachers. The symptoms are typical during ages 3-6 and if not treated properly becomes chronic and persists even after entering adulthood. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, staying organized and controlling impulsive behaviors. It is very difficult to diagnose and when undiagnosed the children can grow to be mislabeled as trouble makers in their adulthood. PREVELANCE OF ADHD Children & Adolescents Analysis of parent-reported data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2011–2013 found that 10% of children ages 4–17 years were diagnosed with ADHD (Pastor et al. 2015) Boys (13.3%) are twice more affected by ADHD than girls (5.6%)(Pastor et al. 2015). A similar study found that the prevalence rate of ADHD diagnosis increased from 7.0% in 1997–1999 to 10.2% in 2012–2014(ADHD General Prevalence. (2014). Adults According to the screening results for ADHD conducted for ages 18–44 by the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) showed that almost 5% of US adults suffer from ADHD. Of those, 40% are women and 60% are men (Kessler et al. 2006) ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ADHD Disease Burden A Meta-analysis of 175 research studies worldwide on ADHD prevalence in children aged 18 and under found that a total of 7.2% suffer from ADHD(Thomas et al. 2015) (ADHD General Prevalence. 2014). The US Census Bureau
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder involving behavioral and cognitive aspects of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity (Ciccarelli, S.). This disorder is most common mental disorder in children. ADHD gets diagnosed at a young age and continues in some cases into adulthood. Although in most cases children who are diagnosed with ADHD in childhood, normally grow out of it by the time they become adults. It is estimated that 2.5 percent of adults and 5 percent children have ADHD (What Is ADHD). In numerous studies on ADHD in genders, boys are about three times more likely than girls to be diagnosed with ADHD (What Is ADHD). Symptoms of ADHD show different
Not every country has its data and statistics on ADHD, as mental disorders are not too cared for and dismissed. However, 175 countries show around 3 – 12% of their population has ADHD. The statistics have risen over the past years since 1997, although most evidence in research indicates it is undertreated in most
In recent years, the number of cases diagnosed with ADHD skyrocketed from 4 million per year to 10.4 million in children (King, 2013).
The increase of ADHD is a trend because it has been occurring for several years. ADHD is one of the most well – known neurodevelopmental disorders Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), (2016). The possible consequences of the increase of ADHD is that the ADHD diagnosis will continue to rise, patients will not receive proper care, and ADHD diagnosis and medication will be overused. According to Gordon, J (2013) a study from the state of California showed the diagnosis of ADHD increased by twenty-four percent between the years 2001 and 2011. The awareness of ADHD may have contributed to increasing of ADHD diagnosis in the United States. Many doctors and physicians have noticed the rise in ADHD diagnosis occurring over the past several years. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discovered in their data that parent-reported cases of ADHD led to the increase by 22 percent between the years 2003 and 2007 Gordon, J
Boys are more likely than girls to have ADHD at the ratio of 3:1 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011 b).
2015). The US Census Bureau estimates 1,795,734,009 people were aged 5-19 worldwide in 2013. Thus, 7.2% of this total population is 129 million—a rough estimate of the number of children worldwide who have ADHD. Based on DSM-IV screening of 11,422 adults for ADHD in 10 countries in the Americas, Europe and the Middle East, the estimates of worldwide adult ADHD prevalence averaged 3.4% (Fayyad et al. 2007)
One in 10 children between ages 5 to 17 is diagnosed with ADHD, making this one of the most common childhood disorders in the United States.
ADHD is a very common neurodevelopment disorder of childhood. It is usually diagnosed in late childhood, around the age of seven by the teachers. The symptoms are typical
ADHD is a common acronym for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD is widely discussed and debated among professionals, scholars, parents and teachers. The first signs of hyperactivity alone were named in the late 1950s. ADHD is common among children today and many contend with the disorder. The causes of ADHD are still likely to be debated as many point the finger at a multitude of sources. Some of the possible causes are: heredity, environment, prenatal smoking, lead exposure, and diet. Although ADHD is still a topic for debate, there are many effects or symptoms children contend with and there are also many treatments.
ADHD is one of the most prevalent mental disorders that affect children. According to Basch (2011), research statistics and surveys have shown that “8% of children aged 3-17 had ADHD.” The research also found that ADHD is more common in boys than girls, and that children from families with lower socioeconomic statuses are twice as likely to be diagnosed with ADHD as children from wealthier families. Research by the American Psychiatric Association showed in 2013 that approximately 5.9%- 7.1% of children and adolescents are affected by ADHD ( DuPaul, Reid, Anastopoulos, & Power, 2014).
ADHD is most commonly identified and treated in children 6 through 12 years of age. There is now emerging evidence to expand the age range to include preschool-aged children and adolescents (Attention-Deficit, 2011). There
ADHD is routinely diagnosed and treated by healthcare professionals for patients who struggle to succeed in academic and social situations (Monastra, V. J., 2008). In 2003, 4.4 million children were diagnosed with ADHD and 2.5 million children were reportedly taking medications. Fast-forward to 2011; over 6 million children have been diagnosed with ADHD and 3.5 million children were prescribed medications for symptoms associated the ADHD (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018). The increase in diagnosing children with ADHD can be detrimental to children long term. Financial gains, Sociological pressures, and inadequate evaluations may be factors in the increase of ADHD diagnoses among children.
A new national survey from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that: One-third of children diagnosed with ADHD were diagnosed young – before the age of six. The percentage of children diagnosed with ADHD has increased steadily since the late 1990s and jumped 42 percent from 2003-2004 to 2011-2012. Of these cases, the majority (53.1%) were first diagnosed by a primary care physician.1 There is not a specific test for ADHD. Health professionals can only do some testing that “might” help detect this condition. In other words, they check the child hearing, eyesight and take a blood sample; To rule out other underlying conditions that may be mistaken for ADHD. For the most part, though, they listen to parents or teacher complaints of what the child is exhibiting. For instance, when parents complain of impatience, unable to sit still and lack the ability to focus. All classic signs in ADHD. However, what primary care doctors are failing to ask, is how much
ADHD has been seen to affect three to nine percent of school-aged children (which is an estimated 5.4 million children in the US) (Gargiulo). Through studies and analysis data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2011-2013, it was found that about 9.5% of children were diagnosed with some form of ADHD and that a majority of them were from the combined form of ADHD. NHIS also reported that over twice as many boys were diagnosed with ADHD (13.3%) in comparison to girls (5.6%). Children from white cultures make up about 11.5% of children with ADHD, while those from black cultures make up 8.9% and those from Hispanic cultures make up 6.3% (CHADD). Children whom have diagnosed with a combined form of moderate ADHD make up a majority of the groups of those with ADHD as a whole. Out of all of the children that have ADHD, 69% of those children are taking medication to control their ADHD
According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “recent surveys show that approximately 11% of children 4-17 years of age (6.4 million) have been diagnosed with ADHD as of 2011.” Many parents wonder want is the best way to treat their child with ADHD. Some many say medications is the best option to help the symptoms. Although there is still a lot of controversy about if medicine helps ADHD, through parent and teacher testimonials and researched-based evidence one could see that medication may help some of the symptoms that show in children with ADHD. Looking at people that spend the most time with them is a worthy way to see if medicine is helping the child.