Fixed Income Securities
Ted Spread and Swap Spread in a Financial Crisis
Discussion Questions
Due April 12, 2012
Please complete these questions in groups of 2, to hand in. The grade is calculated as part of your participation grade, so participation, as with the last case, can improve your score substantially, even if your calculations aren’t all perfect!
Should Albert Mills do this trade? Back up your answer with the following analyses:
1. Write out the initial transaction and cash flows for the trade based on entering the swap, purchasing the Treasury bond, and borrowing using the repurchase agreement. Assume $1 billion notional principal for the swap and $1 billion face value for the Treasury bond. You may be very
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Off course, if we think about only these numbers it seemed that TKC is receiving more than it pays but this not exactly true since TKC paid for the bonds more than it is going to get after the 38 years (premium bond = coupon>YTM plus TKC’ initial investment of $21 million.
2. Estimate the unrealized gain/loss on this trade as of November 19 (two weeks after the initial transaction date). Assume the following: repo rate stays at 0.15% for the full two week period with overnight rolling over of the loan (3 days on the weekend), the fixed swap rate is at 4.0%, the YTM on the Treasury is 4.2%. The Treasury will have an interest payment on November 15, so be sure to take this into account. The swap will not have a payment (either fixed or floating), but do account for the accrued interest on both sides of the trade, as well as the accrued interest on the Treasury bond (Treasury uses actual/actual day count, as you know). The floating piece of the swap uses actual/360 day count (stated in the case). The fixed piece of the swap uses actual/actual day count to calculate interest. Use DV01 measures to estimate the change in value of the swap and the bond. For the repo, assume actual/360 day count to calculate interest paid (interest is paid daily or on Monday in the case of a weekend).
a. Does this transaction generate a gain or a loss?
The transaction generates
Answer the questions. When you are finished, submit this test to your teacher by the due date for full credit.
Probably the worst enemy out of all the wars in history: zombies. It goes by many names: The Great Panic, The Crisis, The Walking Plague. All of these refer to the terrible zombie war, formally known as World War Z. The book is composed of a whole bunch of different interviews from an anonymous man. The anonymous man, the Interviewer, travels the world and interviews people from around the world about these experiences in the war.
Note: The following six questions are weighted equally; each will count as one-sixth of your overall test grade.
This quiz consist of 20 multiple choice questions and covers the material in chapters 1 through 4. There are five questions from each chapter. Be sure you are in the correct Chapter when you take the quiz.
The financial crisis of 2008 was one of the worst recessions in American history since the Great Depression. During the financial crisis of 2008, big banks lost their money, the stock market crashed, people lost their houses, and the value of loans plummeted. The financial crisis of 2008 was a crisis in value for the financial market, which bled into the economy of the country. The way that the system of banking was set up made the economy of the country extremely vulnerable to any risks taken in the financial market. In the end, the government had to step in to bail out banks and to create policies to upturn value into the economy. In this paper, I describe the financial system that was in place, which caused the crisis of 2008, and suggest that a regulatory system is established to decrease bank sizes and remove the shadow banking system in order to avoid a similar devaluation in the future.
The market value of debt was calculated using the existing yield of maturity on a 5 yar bond issued on a private placement basis on July 1, 2000. With the coupon of 5.75% and the discount price of 97, YTM for this bond is 6.62%. With a discount price being 97, the market value of debt is 17,654M.
The 2008 Financial crisis is indisputably the worst financial crisis in the contemporary era. There is great a number of combining causes that ultimately lead to the collapse of the financial markets. Some of these causes include the slow deregulation reforms initiated in the ’60, the introduction of new, financial instruments which risks were not appropriately understood, and of course the new world wide interconnection occurred through securitisation. This essay aims at explaining the functions and the risks of the financial instruments that were included before the crisis, such as Collateralised Debt Obligations, Mortgage Backed Securities and Credit Default Swaps, understanding the impact of the instruments on the market and exploring their relations in the securitisation process to ultimately understand the extent of the impact of securitisation in the 2008 financial crisis.
It is difficult to quantify exactly how much revenue a bank generates from proprietary trading, one brokerage analyst estimated that 5%-10% of trading done by large banks is a result of trading not done on behalf of the client.32 These investments are the reason Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc., a global financial services firm, failed. The firm participated in investment banking, equity, fixed-income sales, research, trading, investment management, private equity, and private banking. At one time, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc., was a primary dealer in the United States Treasury securities’ market. In 1998, 25% of Lehman’s revenue was generated from proprietary trades.33 The company, at this time, held $28 billion in securities and other
It’s been eight years since the 2008 global financial crisis, and the effects of it are still being felt. The crisis was initiated by a housing bubble in the United States that popped, causing a downward spiral that led to the worst depression since The Great Depression of 1929-39. This resulted in millions of people loosing their homes and jobs. Over the years, research and documentaries such as Inside Job, have shed light on what exactly caused this whole crisis, and what policies were implemented to fix it. If we could point to the single biggest cause of the 2008 financial crisis, I would argue it was the complete deregulation of the financial industry. Everything else that contributed to crisis was a result of financial deregulation. These include: low-interest rates, sub-prime mortgages, securitization—collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and credit default swaps (CDSs), rating agencies, and insurance companies.
The 2008 financial crisis can be traced back to two factor, sub-prime mortgages and debt. Traditionally, it was considered difficult to get a mortgage if you had bad credit or did not have a steady form of income. Lenders did not want to take the risk that you might default on the loan. In the 2000s, investors in the U.S. and abroad looking for a low risk, high return investment started putting their money at the U.S. housing market. The thinking behind this was they could get a better return from the interest rates home owners paid on mortgages, than they could by investing in things like treasury bonds, which were paying extremely low interest. The global investors did not want to buy just individual mortgages. Instead, they bought
The 2008 financial crisis is notably one of the worst financial disasters in American history. It began with a large financial bubble, in which many investment, real estate, and insurance companies made millions. When the bubble burst, stock markets fell, these companies collapsed, and economies of supposedly strong nations were brought to their knees. Not only did the financial crisis severely affect the economy of the United States, but the international markets as well. At the time of the burst, many international stock markets fell, making this US financial crisis become a global financial crisis. A global recession took place, and the US national debt doubled. Unemployment rose by ten percent. While the peak of the crisis was during the years of 2007 and 2008, the drastic effect on the economy the crisis caused is still recovering.
Financial crisis and resulting worldwide depression has at the present moved from containing the infection to precise actions designed at promote improvement and altering policy to stop to reoccurrence of the trouble. There are many financial experts says that the improving economic and financial position might reason rigid improvement of the monetary scheme to be unable to find some grip the crowded policy. “Financial market a place or channel for buying or selling stocks, bonds, and other securities” (O’BRIEN, 2011). Financial market encourage the wide-ranging security of the country at the same time as caring taxpayer interests and facilitate business operation with no creating a ethical risk. For example the New York stock exchanges
In 2008, the world experienced a tremendous financial crisis which rooted from the U.S housing market; moreover, it is considered by many economists as one of the worst recession since the Great Depression in 1930s. After posing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It brought governments down, ruined economies, crumble financial corporations and impoverish individual lives. For example, the financial crisis has resulted in the collapse of massive financial institutions such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Lehman Brother and AIG. These collapses not only influence own countries but also international area. Hence, the intervention of governments by changing and expanding the monetary and fiscal policy or giving bailout is needed in order to eliminate and control enormous effects of the financial crisis.
Due to the effect, of the global financial crisis of 2008-2009, advanced economies have seen a significant increase in public debt. Canada risks a repetition of this experience and prominent voices are calling for an additional round of fiscal austerity. Without enhancement, the problematic habits of Canadian governments, such as deficit spending and growing government debt, bear short- and long-term consequences for the country and its population. The biggest problem in Canada is primarily the mounting costs of an aging society and not so much to yield a balanced budget and gradually reduce debt in the recovery.
Over the past four decades, purchasing has evolved from a clerical function in the 1960s, through being an operational activity in the 1980s to the strategic nature in the 1990s (Gelderman and Van Weele, 2005). While several organisations have transformed their purchasing capabilities into competitive advantage, others are still lagging behind. Today, proactive firms are expected to control their purchasing operations in an effort to build competitive advantage (Carr and Smeltzer, 1997). In spite of the fact that purchasing has gained recognition amongst companies in the developed countries; the reverse is the case however in the developing countries (Msimangira, 2003). Specifically, African scholars have focused more on investigating public procurement reforms while little efforts have been made in the private sector (McCrudden, 2004). In view of the current global financial meltdown, it is imperative for both public and private organisations in Africa to adopt more strategic approaches to purchasing in order to facilitate commercial gains.