Nur508 All Weeks Discussions

Not only has the cases of preventable chronic diseases increased over the years affecting half of the U.S population, they account for 86% of the health care costs. Programs and policies that address risk factors and causes of these diseases at their roots would not only promote public health but reduce the cost of health care both in treatment and hospitalization.

M1: Compare the 19th, 20th and 21st century in relation to the main public health strategies used.

There are many ethical dilemmas that occur daily in our hospitals across the world. Not everyone agrees with standards and policies that are required in hospitals or even with the law. If not everyone obeys the law, ethical cases form. In Springfield, Missouri, a holistic nurse got fired for fighting against Cox South hospital policies. Carla Brock has been a nurse at Cox South hospital and not only refused the flu shot, but also refused to wear a mask. She refused due to religious beliefs, she gets short of breath while wearing the mask, and she feels the mask is meant to intimidate and humiliate those who refuse the shot. The ethical question in this case study is to decide if Carla should have been fired for not wearing a mask after refusing the flu shot and what are other potential proposals. The four-way method will separate out what are the truths, consequences, fairness, and character, of this ethical case study.

What are the issues that prompted a need for health care reform? Support your answer with a credible data reference. Do not use a reference already used by another student.

Energized by the U.S. Supreme Court decision upholding most of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the American Nurses Association (ANA) is continuing its wide ranging efforts to ensure that Registered Nurses (RNs) have an even greater role in providing high quality care as implementation of the landmark law progresses. As guiding principles, ANA contends that health care is a basic human right, and that all deserve access to essential health care services. As nurses witness every day, a lack of primary and preventive care can cause people's manageable chronic conditions to spiral, leading to poorer patient outcomes and increased overall health care costs. (Anonymous, 2012). According to Billings and Halstead (2012), nurses are poised to participate in transforming this nation's health care system. Participation requires nurses to possess political advocacy skills so that nursing voice is brought to the policy debates and policy development.

According to The Center for Managing Chronic Disease at the University of Michigan (2011) website, chronic disease can be defined as any medical condition in which the treatment expectation is one of control, rather than cure. The website further states that up to 70% (1.7 million) of deaths in the United States can be attributed to chronic disease. This statistic is not limited to the United States. The World Health Organization (2014) website states chronic disease accounts for 60% of all deaths worldwide, and half of those deaths occurred in people under the age of 70. The diagnosis of a chronic disease impacts a person in

The barriers to receiving effective public health treatment are nothing short of intimidating. Many people in the United States could die if they do not receive adequate public health that take care of their diseases. The government need to create available programs to deal with the increase of diseases and with the aging U.S. population. Invasive and debatable actions sometimes are needed it to find the causes of some diseases.

Consider the health trends in the U.S. over the last two decades and make some

fourths of that spent directed at treating chronic diseases in 2006 (Goetzel, 2009). Poor health habits are a contributing factor to chronic diseases, which could be decreased if health habits are improved. Overall, the United States should spend more money on preventative care that would decrease chronic diseases and illnesses. Therefore, the cost of treating chronic illnesses would decrease. As important as managing national spending and funding is, the most important factor is the overall health of Americans. Providing preventative care that varies between racial and ethnic groups does not create a healthier society, but a society with more chronic illness and higher medical bills for its citizens.

Nurses faces ethical dilemmas on a daily bases and even though the nurse is competent in her skills and her ability to care for culturally diverse patients, the dilemmas still remains. The reason why is that no matter if the with every ethical decision you make, the end results will always be right or wrong depending on the persons personal culture. The purpose of this paper is to discuss ethical dilemmas with the current state of population along with health disparities. In addition, the discussion of the pros and cons of the foundation of the Affordable Care Act and how it affects people culturally. Last of all; explain how social justice principles and rights of humans may reduce health disparities.

Summers, J. (2014). Principles of healthcare ethics. In E.E. Morrison & B. Furlong (Eds.), Health care ethics (pp. 47-62). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

Judie has been experiencing cut backs at work in regards to the hospitals budget, and these cuts have impacted the quality of patient care. She is feeling conflicted because she feels that she is unable to adequately fulfill her duty of nonmalficence. Budgets are a necessary part of running a successful company or business, however, if these budget cuts negatively impact a nurses ability to deliver adequate patient care than that poses an ethical dilemma for the nurse manager (Judie).

It is estimated that tobacco use, inactivity, and poor nutrition cause 70% of all chronic diseases. These diseases account for approximately 75% of all medical costs in the United States, furthermore they account for 83% of all Medicaid costs and

Chronic diseases are an epidemic that must be stopped. Chronic diseases are responsible for 7 of 10 deaths each year. By 2025, 49% of Americans will be affected by a chronic disease. Our country is running rampant with chronic disease that can not only be better controlled but prevented. Per the partnership to fight Chronic Disease, “These diseases are often preventable, and frequently manageable through early detection, improved diet, exercise, and treatment therapy.” (the growing crisis of chronic disease in the United States). In fact, a common misconception is that as a society what we fail to comprehend, that by eliminating or reducing the causes associated with the disease, we would then be eliminating the

Progression through these eras resulted in the improvement of health strategies and interventions, allowing for the United States to be proactive in their preparation efforts of disease, rather than reactive to the imminent threat to human health and safety. The 20th century was the single most advancing era of public health in history, changing not only the world of medicine as we know it, but changing public perception of the world they live in .