Since the beginning philosophers had been trying to figure out what everything was made of. Thales of Miletus, the first natural philosopher, said that everything was made of water and was the first to introduce the meaning of change. He believed there were two types of change, qualitative change and quantitative change. From there philosophers theorized how things changed over time. Anaximander, a student of Thales, believed that everything in the universe came from an aperion (a boundless and intermediate realm). Next came Anaximenes who said that everything came from air. In which the quantity of air would determine the type of object formed, the colder the tighter and the looser the warmer. Next, Pythagoras believed that everything was …show more content…
He basically contradicted Heraclitus by saying that change leads to something being unknown. In other words, he believed that you couldn’t know what something was made of it was constantly changing. For example, if wood is turned into paper, it so no longer the same thing. Therefore, transforming it to something completely different makes it loose its identity. Parmenides also argued that we couldn’t say that something was “non-being”. For instance, if I were to say that flying unicorns didn’t exist, he would say that there is either flying unicorns out there, in which then I would be lying, or there are not, in which then I would be saying that flying unicorns are nothing, which can’t be true because our thoughts of flying unicorns can’t be referred to simply absolutely nothing. Thus, he explained that reality must be kept in line with the principle of non-contradiction, in which we cannot say that A is not B. For Parmenides, reality had to be eternal, uniform, and all the same in a continuous perfect sphere with no empty space. He believed that “being” was the only homogeneous substance that filled this sphere. This included humans, air, and every possible thing that we claimed to see in our everyday lives. This concept was eventually known as his theory of one, which basically claimed that everything was just one big substance known as being. However, Parmenides
Many people have said society has changed over the years, but they never say if it has changed for the better or for the worst. I know it has changed for the worst and It is obvious if you just look at the amount of people you see lying everyday. People think they have to lie for inconsequential reasons or to protect themselves and their families. They feel if they tell the truth, no one will believe them or something might happen to someone they care about.
The word has changed in the past century. Today we have a lot of modern in technology and communication and transportation . Over the past 100 years, there has been many improvement in technology , communication, transportation. In the past 100 years, our world has changed a lot in the areas of, technology and communication and transportation.
The Ancient Greeks were the firsts to speculate on the composition of matter. They thought that it was possible that individual particles made up matter.
Between January 31, 1865 and February, 1869, three of America’s most crucial amendments were passed. After the Civil War, during the Reconstruction Era these amendments were put into place to give the African American the equality they deserved but to do this they had to make changes to the Constitution. For these action to happen, there must be a proposed amendment. These amendments must be proposed by Congress with a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House of Representatives or by a constitutional convention called by two-thirds of the state legislatures. From there this amendment may become part of the Constitution by either the legislatures of three-fourths of the states or by State ratifying conventions held in three-fourths of the states. If voted yes, this amendment will change the constitution and be apart of it.
He stated that this was a mysterious force but never continued his research on it. Then in 460 B.C. there was a philosopher named Democritus. Democritus and his mentor Leocippus posed the question that if he broke bread into multiple pieces how many would breaks would it take until there was no more bread. He then was able to make a few theories being all matter was created of atoms and atoms are solid but not invisible. However, there was a man named Aristotle and many other philosophers who disagreed with Democritus and said matter was composed of four main elements. Earth, fire, air, and water. For example, a liquid was made of water and a stone was made of rock. Therefore, Democritus’s theory “ was rejected by Aristotle, one of the most influential philosophers of Ancient Greece; and the atomic theory was ignored for nearly 2,000 years.”(
Anaximander was the first astronomer during his time. Anaximander believed that water was not the try reality. He thought if water was one true reality then the other 3 elements would be wiped out by it. Anaximander believed the ultimate reality is The Boundless. The boundless does not have a problem with opposing anything, which makes the boundless in everything. He believed the ultimate reality was unobservable and unspecific. So he determined the ultimate reality as unlimited or boundless. Anaximander also thought air was the life principle, air held all things together. Pythagoras was also a Pre- Socratic Philsopher from 570 BCE, he also had a different thinking of the ultimate reality. There is not a lot of imforamtion on Pythagoreas because he did not write anything about himself or about his beliefs. He may be known as the mand of science or a preacher of mystic of doctrines. Not much is known about about him but sources say he was from Samos. Pythagoreas was known as the greatest scientist during his time. He was Anaximanders disciple and followed his teacher teachings, He learns about aastrnomy from Anaxnimander and developed formulas like the pythagoreantherom. What he believed to be the ultimate reality was numbers. He believed reality is expressed in mathematical formulas. He tried to get away from the elements of physical life and only use numbers. In present day there are many laws that
The world has changed from medieval times to the modern society today. These includes the way universities are. In medieval times only boys could attend a university, leaving the girls ignored. While today people of both sexes and of any race can attend a university. Today people have to finish primary and secondary school and achieve a High School Graduation Certificate to attend a university. Plus, there are test such as the ACT and SAT that people have to take to attend a university. Also people have to be accepted into the university to attend. Though back in medieval times boys did not have to do any of that to get into a university. The age to attend a university is different as well; today people are normally eighteen when they start
It’s very evident that form everyday experience many things are changing whether it’s the leaves on the trees or the change in weather itself it’s obvious that not one day is exactly the same as the last. Although this seems indisputable, Parmenides took a different approach to the concept of change and believed that the identity of a thing solely depends on what properties it obtains, but during the process of change those properties come and go. Aristotle challenges Parmenides by stating that one must simply get in touch with the different forms of realness. Both concepts are still being disputed to this day but after analyzing both sides I believe that Aristotle’s argument against Parmenides is stronger and more rational.
Have you ever thought about how many things have altered from only one generation to another? The things that come to my mind when I think of the “old days” is how different the place and community the last generation grew up in was. It definitely wasn’t as dangerous or protected as our world is today. The kids back then had more freedom and trust in their communities because of the parenting, society, and people's views on different things.
This philosophy textbook begins with the Western philosophy. During this time, philosophers started questioning about how things came to existence or about how things came to the way they are now. Chapter 1 introduces the first philosophers. Thales is considered to be “the first philosopher “of Western civilization. He had argued that water is the reason why things happen. Anaximander argued that water is just a specific variation meaning that it’s not the whole reason of why things happen. Another philosopher is Empedocles that argued that objects we see can be changed and also destroyed. Empedocles expanded on Thales and Anaximenes theories which he emphasized that the four elements can never be changed. The chapter finishes off Anaxagoras and the Atomists.
The talk delineates why people have changed over the past few years. It is by choosing that the modern culture are they choose modern hair style and clothing style . Hence the aforementioned talk was about in modern era people are busy in personal life but over the past people have changed their
Parmenides differed from Heraclitus in many ways. Parmenides thought that what we see, is just mere appearances, and that we shouldn’t really rely on our senses. The only way you figure out the way of truth and what really something is, is achieved through reasoning and logic, not your eyes. If one was to research Parmenides, they would find one statement that he would relate to everything, and that is, “Everything is ONE”. This is also thought as Monism. He claims that literally only one thing exists, and everything is considered to be one object. For example, if you said that desk is brown, we would say yes that’s true, because we see without eyes that it appears to be brown. Parmenides would say, that is true also, because they are one, there is no difference between the desk and the color brown. Also, the word “is” plays a big role in his theory as well. If you say that something “is” you are saying that it exists. A reading on Parmenides explains that he thought, “To think at all, he tells us, is to think that something is” (Melchert 27). To change your statement a little bit and to say that something “is not”, would change his whole train of thought. He believes that “is not” has the literal definition of does not exist. If we told Parmenides “that desk is not a pencil”, he would say that since we used the work “is not”, than we are implying that
Not until recently did we find that atoms, which were assumed to be matter's basic particles, where themselves made up of even smaller particles. So in that sense, Anaximander is correct in his philosophy of there being a “pure substance”, which is the root of everything that we see.
A: Anaximander theory about the different substances explains how he believes that they came from more simple form that just water. He thought the basic substance must be ageless, boundless and indeterminate. He knew things were made from smaller particles that we were not visible. His interest in the fundamental substance that constitutes everything or in determining what the most important feature of reality was. He though what happen in the universe came from natural powers and processes for example how the seasons changed from heat,cold,wetness,dryness it all alternate to create our seasons.
The origins of philosophy began with the dynamic question of “What if?” followed by intellectual reasoning for the ways of the world. To look past the general purpose of life and the things that come with it; is when a new philosophy is discovered. The first recorded philosopher came about early on in the sixth century B.C.E. His name was Thales of Miletus or what is now Turkey. The first three philosophers, Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, are known as the Milesians because they all came from the Greek colony of Miletus on the Persian coast and because they constitute the first school of philosophy. (Pg. 24) However, little is known about Thales due to the fact, there weren’t any pieces of literature connecting to him. However, he did make it known that everything is fundamentally made up of water. This belief went against the theological perspectives of Greek mythology, introducing a more scientific view of the cosmos. Thales made it known that he wanted to find the Arche or unifying principle that linked every aspect of life together. According to Thales, water is the one and only Arche.