The Development and Growth of Porthaethwidge Introduction Porthaethwidge began as nothing more than a rural manor several hundred years ago which has since expanded several times. As one of the leaders of Porthaethwidge in England, it has come to my attention that there is interest in both an opportunity of business and of security. By purchasing a royal charter and establishing a weekly market, the town can expect to take in the tolls from the merchants. These funds can then be used for the creation of a wall around the town and its farm, which is needed in order to protect the wealth of the citizens and ensure its security. The town of Porthaethwidge is in England, near the ports of Northwest England by trail or by water. A monastery in …show more content…
Concern regarding the Plague A terrible disease has created catastrophe in many of the great cities on the continent, and we have heard that cases are being reported in England as well. Once it takes hold in a region, it appears that there is almost nothing one can do as the spread occurs so rapidly. The accounts of the disease are quite terrifying. We have heard from various reports, including a fictional story by an Italian, Boccaccio , about its terrible effects. This story described that this virulent disease could only have been sent by an angry God. It described scenes that created terror in the streets here. The plague sickness begins with just a bit of swelling under the armpits or the groin would quickly grow to the size of an egg. Soon there would be similar boils all over the body, and these would spread across the body, the family and village. Boccaccio further stated that it was a nosebleed which indicated that death was near. It only took the smallest amount of contact for the disease to spread, and for that reason in those places such as Italy were it was rampant, the removal and burning of filth had become part of the strategy. Everywhere there was panic at the cause of this new and most terrible form of death to whole families and …show more content…
The town leaders built a wall, obtained a royal charter and underwent the transition to the complex city. Tragedy struck many times, but the most notable was the plague of Black Death which came to Porthaethwidge in 1348. There was nothing like it. Not only did we lose half of the population, including many children, but we lost our way. We lost our routines and habits out of the fear of contact with another, which could bring sickness. On the other hand, we learned again to count only on each other. In the recovery from this terrible time we learned to come together again as a community, as we each had to take on unfamiliar roles in order to aid in the restoration. As the sickness abated, trade began once more, the ships came to the port, the traders met the ships and once again the salt mines were in operation. We have every reason to believe that Porthaethwidge will be a thriving center into the 15th century. In particular, the trade in salted fish is increasing, as the city has benefited greatly from being close to the fisherman on the coast as well as the salt mines. We have every reason to believe that tolls on merchants will increase, the local sales of agricultural produce and salted fish will also increase, and the city will continue to recover then grow and resume its previous
During the fourteenth century a disease ravaged across the middle east that calculated up to fifty million deaths and impoverished half of Europe. This disastrous disease had attained the nick-name, “Black Death”, referring to its high fatality rate. The plague, as some may call it, scattered amongst the whole world taking many lives because of the lack of medical attention or treatment and is even still around till this day. The Black Death is best understood through its symptoms, treatments, and death toll changing life in the fourteenth century.
The victims of this plague suffered from delusions, nightmares, fevers and swellings in the groin, armpits and behind their ears. Some of the sufferers went into comas while others reported being highly delusional. At the time period this was going on there wasn't any medicine that they have tried to cure this plague. This plague ended up being contained in 750 CE it took 208 years for this plague to pass because they couldn't find a cure for it because they didn't have a strong medical field this plague spread exponentially. They couldn't find a way to actually cure this disease because it was combined with the Black Death so they were killing all their skilled doctors before they could even begin to start on a cure for this disease. One historian by the name of Procopius has reported that 10,000 people per day have been
The Black Plague (also known as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague) of the 1300s is considered by many historians to be one of the most influential events in the history of Europe. Originating in Asia, the Black Plague has three forms; Bubonic which affects the lymph nodes, pneumonic which affects the lungs, and septicemia which affects the blood. Through examining the effects of the Plague on Europe and its people, it is clear that politics, social life, and economics were all irreparably thrown off balance. Perhaps the part of Europe disturbed most by the Black Death was politics.
Pursell The Black Death Reassessed What really happened to Europe during Black Death? For years, the accepted version of the event has been that a plague from the East, carried by rodents who were infected by fleas, traveled by trade routes and subsequently infected Europeans. The name of this plague is infamously known as the Bubonic Plague; it’s said to have claimed the lives of a third of the continent’s population. Not everyone accepts the prominent version of this event though. In this essay, we will read of two scholars who dispute the official narrative of the Bubonic plague; one scholar will apply this revisionism solely to England, whereas the other will look at Europe as a whole. Moreover, death toll estimates will be scrutinized too. In addition, we will read of a third scholar who offers insight into the aftermath of the Black Death in England in terms of its social and economic development. Clearly, something devastating struck Europe in the 14th century. Whatever it was might not ever be exactly known. However, for the sake of understanding its true impact upon European society, it’s worth reassessing this long-held account. In his writing, The Black Death:
What is the plague? The plague or referred to as the Black Death, according to the CDC (2015), “is a disease that affects humans and other mammals and caused by the Yersinia pestis bacteria. Humans usually get plague after being bitten by a rodent flea that is carrying the plague bacterium or by handling an animal infected with plague”. There are three categories of a plague. There is the bubonic plague, which is the most common form. With this form bacteria infects the lymph system and causes it to become inflamed. Symptoms of this type of plague are fever, headache, chills, and swollen and tender lymph nodes, which are called buboes. Then there is the Septicemic, which occurs when the bacteria multiply in the blood. Symptoms of this type of plague are fever, chills, extreme weakness, abdominal pain, shock, and possibly bleeding into the skin and other organs. Also, skin and other tissues may turn black and die, especially fingers, toes and the nose (CDC, 2015). Then there is the Pneumonic Plague, which is the most serious form of plague and occurs when Y. pestis bacteria infect the lungs and cause pneumonia (NIH, 2015). This is the only form of the plague that can be transmitted human to human. Symptoms of this form of the plague are ever, headache, weakness, and a rapidly
From 1347 to 1352 a string of the bubonic plague lay waste to western Europe, killing millions. In Italy, nearly a third of the population died; in England, half. The plague was a looming presence, always in the back of people’s minds. The symptoms of the Black Death caused great strife for westerners. Giovanni Boccaccio, an Italian writer and poet, described the symptoms he saw during the first outbreak of the plague: “Not such were they as in the East, where an issue of blood from the nose was a manifest sign of inevitable death; but in men a women alike it first betrayed itself by the emergence of certain tumors in the groin or the armpits, some of which grew as large as a common apple, others as an egg, some more, some less, which the common folk called gavoccioli.” Both Italy and England desperately searched for answers, claiming that the Black Death was the cause of a higher force, but realising that the squalor of their countries also played a part in spreading the illness. Although Italy and England both had a common explanation for the cause of the plague and they both implemented better public health standards, they adopted different public health practices after the plague.
The Black Death was one of the most devastating outbreaks in the history of mankind. In Europe alone, approximately 38 million people succumbed to the diseases. The high number of victims was due to ill prepared masses and lack of necessary measures to curb the diseases. As the leader of the town of Toledo, I endeavored to enable protection for the town from the spread of the plague. In order to control the outbreak, I led the town by administering health measures as well as necessary actions, maintaining the stability and security of the town.
Knowing they had little time before they would all die they catapulted the bodies over the city walls, infecting those within the city. This shows early biological warfare, by the time the merchants figured out that the plague was spreading throughout the city it was too late, trying to flee they boarded their ships heading for Sicily. When they got there, they docked in Messina, bringing the plague to Europe(Video). There were many horrific symptoms of the Bubonic Plague, the most common and notable were swollen lymph nodes in the groin, armpit, or neck, fever, chills, fatigue, and coughing up blood. People would be alive one day and dead the next. There were many theories on why this happened, some thought it was a punishment from God (Doc BE) or a supernatural force (Doc BB). Today the plague does not affect us as much as it had in the 1340-50s, this is due to modern medicine. Because the plague hasn’t changed much genetically, we have been able to develop antibiotics to treat it (Doc E), making our selves safer than those back then. October 3, 1348- Paris (Doc A, AA). The rumors were true, the plague is
The Bubonic Plague took the lives of many individuals in the heart of Florence. Its reign affected “not just that of men and women…but even sentient animals” (Stefani). While the plague only lasted a mere six months, from March 1348 – September 1348, it is a piece of time that society should forever acknowledge and learn from. Much of the significant information from the Bubonic plague are unbeknownst to people today, even though it possesses such an importance aspect in our history. Therefore, in this essay, I will discuss the effects the plague had on the people of Florence, and how the appearance of this plague brought about short and long term historical change what we see today.
In the middle ages people had no idea about how any disease such as the Black Death could spread. The Europeans think “it disseminated by the influence of the celestial bodies, or sent upon them by God in his just wrath” (Boccaccio). In other words, they think the plague came from the sky or sent by God. They think maybe it is God’s way of cleansing the earth or punishing them for their unfair behaviors. Some think that a supernatural origin caused the disease. This disease is a bacterium infection which has a variety of symptoms, such as, nose bleeding, tumors in the groin or armpits and black spots or
When trials hit it is often the case that communities respond in a very positive way, such as coming together and fighting for the cause. When the plague hit, a portion of the European community chose this route, embracing the good side of humanity. While others where lashing out and living recklessly, some chose to take a more reasonable response. Giovanni Boccaccio provides a first hand account of the occurrences surrounding the black plague in the introduction to his stories in From the Decameron. In Giovanni Boccaccio’s From the Decameron: The Plague Hits Florence he depicts one of the more positive responses to the pandemic:
The Great Plague was an outbreak that killed a third of population in Europe. It was a scourge that originated in the arid plains of central Asia and traveled along the Silk Road. From then on, fleas living on rats, which were typically found on merchant ships, carried it. There were three types of the plague: bubonic plague, this was an infection of the lymph glands and
It was believed in the middle ages that this disease was caused by poor hygiene, bad eating habits, corrupted humid air, and a lack of rest. Once a person was thought to be infected the doctors would move them to a non-infected area thinking that this would heal the persons illness instead this transported the disease even further than normal. In modern times we have made leaps and bounds to control this illness. One of the main problems of the plague is that it is not treatable until the victim gets tested and confirmed that the plague is the illness. Once that is done they will start receiving high doxycycline doses and many other types of antibiotics. The mortality rate for someone that is not treated is 50-90% compared to treated cases of 1-15%.
What is the definition of the Plague? Plague is a contagious bacterial disease characterized by fever and delirium, typically with the formation of buboes (bubonic plague) and sometimes infection of the lungs (pneumonic plague). If you analyze the disease and the world, then how did disease affect the world in the 1300s? The disease Killed ten thousand of millions of people in Europe, North Africa, & western Asia about one third of the total population was killed. If someone had the Bubonic Plague, then what were the symptoms that the victim experienced? The Victims experienced experience severe chills, fever, convulsions, & vomiting.
There are three types of plague disease and each one of them has different symptoms. The first type of plague disease, the most popular type of disease, called Bubonic plague. According to Patient Care & Health Information in Mayo Clinic, its symptoms start to appear with less than 10 days after someone got bitten by an infected flea. The symptoms start with buboes, swollen lymph nodes, appear in some places in the body like neck, groin, or armpit. Also, buboes’ size is almost like a chicken egg size. A headache, muscle ache, chills and fever are the other sings of this type of disease (2015). The other type of plague disease is a result of plague bacteria multiplies in the blood which known as Septicemic plague. According to CDC, shock,