Thanatology
James Logan Machin
Denver School of Nursing
ABSTRACT
According to (Liming & Dickenson 2011., p.3) “thanatology is the study of dying, death, and bereavement.” I believe that the study of death will be a topic to be discussed and forever researched. There are many different aspects of death that I believe people can study, rather it be cultural believes, medically researching different processes of death, or even just what your own personal discovery of what death exactly is or what happens after death. No one can interview the dead. No one can find out if death is peaceful, or if there is life after death, or what death feels like. So for this topic of defining thanatology I wanted to look at the studies of peoples near death experiences, interviews from people who are experiencing death, the different cultures behind viewing death, and lastly the communication skills needed for health care professionals to develop in order to discuss death and dying amongst the patient and their family
THANATOLOGY Thanatology, as stated earlier, is the study of death, dying, and bereavement. In 1903, Russian scientist, Elie Metchnikoff, who was famous for his work in microbiology and the discovery of phagocytosis, advocated that without consistent attention to death, life sciences would not be complete. Through this argument, Metchnikoff called for the establishment of a science devoted to the study of death. He argued that those who were dying had few or no
They used a hard vocabulary to contain the terrible softness. Greased they 'd say. Offed, lit up, zapped while zipping. It wasn 't cruelty, just stage presence. They were actors. When someone died, it wasn 't quite dying, because in a curious way, it seemed scripted, and because they had their lines mostly memorized, irony mixed with tragedy, and because they called it by other names, as if to encyst and destroy the reality of death itself. "
“Tuesdays with Morrie” and “The Death of Ivan Ilych” both portray a character who is dealing with a serious terminal illness and advance knowledge of their deaths. One story is based on the realistic life of an American professor with the story’s characteristics tone from the 1990’s while the other is set during nineteenth century Russia. Even though Morrie Schwartz and Ivan Ilych both suffered from the illness, their dissimilar lifestyles and beliefs led to different perspective on facing death. One views the knowledge as a blessing and an opportunity to share his life experiences before making his final good-byes, the other agonizes in pain and begs for an
Death is one of the most avoided topics because of the finality that comes with it and the fear of the unknown after death. However, there are quite a number of authors such as AtulGawande, Elisabeth Kubler-ross and Ira Byock who have attempted to go ahead and deal with death as a topic and other connected topics.Each of these authors have delved into one of the most revered topics that is death including related topics that come with it such as the dying process itself. Ira Byock’s Dying well: Peace and possibilities at the end of life is a book that looks at the moment prior to death when an individual is terminally sick and is at the point of death. A
In this sense, inexplicable fear of death can manifest itself in an excessive desire to obtain achievements to counteract this anguish and the person takes an anxious race against time, no enjoyment of one's own achievements. The deep religious beliefs, rituals and ceremonies helped familiar with death. Friends and neighbors accompanied the suffering and the dying and provided support and comfort in this difficult time of the end of life. “Numerous Researchers now for many people believe that, continuing bonds with the deceased is a regular part of healthy adaptation” (Klass & Walter,
Corr, C. A., Corr, D. M., & Bordere, T. C. (2013). Death & dying, life & living. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
As I searched for an editorial to write on, the Op-Ed, “What Our Cells Teach Us About a ‘Natural’ Death,” immediately caught my eye. It may have been due to recent events that left death on my mind, or the alien combination of ‘natural’ and ‘death’. Nonetheless, Warraich’s piece snagged my attention. His article provides an interesting interpretation of death and human relations towards the sore subject, and gives a sound argument to support it.
George Patton Jr once said that, “It is foolish and wrong to mourn the men who died. Rather we should thank God that such men lived.” Mr.Patton realized that death is natural and inevitable, so he gives thanks to God for the life that he, his friends and family have been dealt. At funerals, usually several individuals are pain stricken and severely upset. These individuals have been conditioned to fear death and to believe that death is something to run away from. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross speaks about actually tuning into the patients in order to figure out what their needs are. Mrs. Kubler-Ross, in her novel, On Death & Dying uses a five step blueprint in order to describe the dying process effectively.
Looking back, there have been times in my life when I found myself just where Leming (2011) found himself, standing at the crossroad of frustration. This is a terrible place to be caught in, especially when you are in search of answers for your own life and others are looking to you for answers to aid them with addressing life’s issues. Perhaps, if and when I come to this place in my life again, I can approach it differently than before. In addition to the abundance of information that was provided in this book that will help me if and when I am faced with this situation or similar situations, I will do more in-depth studying on these sensitive topics. I am motivated to continue educating myself about death beyond the classroom setting to ensure that I am adequately prepared to counsel clients dealing with end-of-life issues. As I read through this book, I saw the importance of understanding the topic of dying as they are critical components in my career and field of study. Although Leming and Dickerson (2011) shared some information that was not new to me as I have seen or heard it before, they still gave me a wealth of new information that I can refer back to as I progress forward in my career as well as in my personal life.
Death is an inevitable and unfortunate part of life that is often met with fear and despair. Some are afraid of the anticipated pain and the uncertainty of the afterlife, while others can accept their fate and see death as part of a cycle in nature. Most of us would prefer to die in the comfort of our homes with loved ones and under their own terms, however approximately 50% of Americans die in hospitals. And although our lifespans continue to climb due to medication and technology, it is those advancements that keep people from leaving this world as they see fit. No matter how a person dies, there is a sense of loss and grief for those who were surrounded or influenced by this person. It is often very hard to cope
The article, “Death and Dying in the Curriculum of Public School: Is there a place?”, written by Ethel L. King-McKenzie is contained within the book “Death Dying and Bereavement” composed of by its two main authors Dickinson’s, and Leming. Addresses the fear of death individuals have and how that fear is promoted in our youth by sheltering children from death. By implanting a curriculum surrounding death and dying, students can grow up to surpass disregarding older generations and overcome stigmas involving death. Not discussing death and allowing the dying process to be a part of our live negatively impacts our coping skills. Tools of which, are a salient aspect in life as every human will encounter death in their lives. In addition, the
Death anxiety is a multifaceted nervousness that can include fear of the process of dying, the death in itself, and what happens after death (Zilberfein and Hurwitz, 2004). Yalom (2002) writes that the fear of death haunts each individual throughout life and that many people build denial-based defense mechanisms in order to cope with an ever-present awareness of death. The process of dying is both known and unknown, and nowhere is death anxiety more apparent than in patients suffering from terminal illness. According to Zilberfein and Hurwitz (2004), fear in patients suffering from fatal diseases can cause: (1) dependency, (2) increased chronic pain, (3) a loss of sense of control, and (4) significant attention paid to the question of what “lies ahead”. Along similar lines, Adelbratt and Strang (2000) conducted a study exploring how patients and their next-of-kin experience death anxiety. They found that thoughts central to this nervousness include fear related to the loss of autonomy and unknown
Life is impossibly unpredictable. However, one certainty exists in life: death. Even though it is certain, it provokes the deepest and most fearful reaction. Why is death so dreaded? It is something that many find hard to comprehend because of its finality, mystery, and unpredictability. Death surrounds each and every one of us at every stage of life, whether it is the death of a family member or friend or worse, the fear of death of someone close, even ourselves. The confusion and negativity of death can become consuming as people search for meaning and understanding. It is universal, unavoidable, and inevitable. The concept of death leaves us yearning for answers and meaning, ultimately culminating in fear of the unknown and in death itself. Although we may not know the answers, we look for ways to palliate this fear and curiosity through rituals, religion, or simple self-discovery. William Cullen Bryant’s “Thanatopsis” helps us to understand that death must not be feared, rather embraced. Through depictions of nature’s sympathy as well as death’s universality and painlessness, Bryant comforts us about death and portrays it in a reassuring and positive light.
This writer experienced that death and/or the end of life (EOL) may be sudden or may come after a long illness or injury; nevertheless, handling death is difficult and may be overwhelming. The reality of life is that death comes to all living things; however, humans often operate as if they are immortal, in that, it is awkward to achieve emotional acceptance that someday death is forthcoming. Ray Anderson, stated that “every
On Death and Dying By Elisabeth Kubler-Ross For my book review, I read On Death and Dying, by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross. Dr. Kubler-Ross was the first person in her field to discuss the topic of death. Before 1969, death was considered a taboo. On Death and Dying is one of the most important psychological studies of the late twentieth century. The work grew out of her famous interdisciplinary seminar on death, life, and transition. In this paper, I give a comprehensive book review as well as integrate topics learned in class with Dr. Kubler-Ross' work. Like Piaget's look at developmental stages in children, there are also stages a person experiences on the journey toward death. These five stages are denial/isolation, anger, bargaining,
1.) Explain how the answers to the self-inventories in the text concerning facts, attitudes, beliefs and feelings about death reflect our societal understanding or lack of understanding of death. I think that the self- inventory question reflected on both our understanding and lack of understanding about death related topics. Some of the answers to the questions on the inventory I knew without look at the answers, but some of the answers actually surprised me. The question about the death certificate was one of the questions that actually surprised me. I assumed before I did the inventory that every death certificate had a specific cause of death that was given on the certificate. Another answer that