Abstract
The Ethical Principles and Code of Conduct, published by the American Psychological Association are the standard guidelines for all Psychologists. Forensic Psychologists are also informed by Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologist. Psychologists practicing forensic psychology can use these two documents to help clarify ethical questions. This paper will focus on role conflicts specifically in the area of Sex Offender Management and the ethical conflicts that may arise as a result and how to best handle this situation when faced with it. When an individual chooses to practice psychology within the legal system, they must be aware that this can at any point in their career lead to ethical conflicts. Just the possibility
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In order to understand how this may be done, allow me to define Forensic Psychology. You see forensic psychology is the practice of psychology related to the legal system. This involves relationships with federal, local, and state law enforcement agencies; attorneys and the court; corrections and treatment facilities; and working with people whose behavior or situation leads them into involvement with the courts.
When working with this specific population mental health professionals are often called on to evaluate and manage sex offender’s behavior. There are also times when individuals may be asked to give an opinion as to if the offender will repeat the behavior. Often times people that work with this population are referred to as (SOSs) Sex Offender Specialists. They have a specific group of diverse training and background. Some of these trainings incIude but are not limited to cognitive-behavioral, psychopharmacological, and therapeutic orientations.
When working with Sex Offenders, dual roles does not appear to be as appreciated more specifically with assessment and treatment. Some people working with sex offenders may have a therapeutic role and some will have more of a forensic role. The therapeutic role performs the intake assessment, conducting group/or individual therapy, evaluating and reporting treatment progress, and
One emergent theme to arise was the connection participants experienced working with both sex offenders and victims, as Participant 1 described, “you get the balance, you get the full sort of picture or you get the full experience or impact from both parties so you don’t become too skewed in a way”. The reasons behind this appeared to be that although the work was very different with both groups, with the programme for sex offenders being very evidence based compared to that of the victims, by working with victims and witnessing their trauma and the impacts of the abhorrent crimes, provides one half of the picture, which then helps when the participants are working with sex offenders, because as
Another type of treatment that is effective towards helping sex offenders not reoffender is Psychotherapy; this treatment relieved that among 103 sex offenders 77.9% were sexually abused the some point in their lives. The advantage on using different ranges of data is that analysing is more generalizable and reprehensive.
As scholars began to recognize the prevalence of cognitive distortions, such as, denial, minimization, etc., amongst sex offenders, cognitive-behavioral treatment programs surfaced during the 1970’s as a means to overcome such distortions (Terry, 2006). Cognitive-behavioral treatment was the first multimodal treatment utilized for sex offenders to address their cognitive, social, and behavioral issues (Terry, 2006). More precisely, these programs involve a problem-focused approach that aids offenders in identifying and changing their faulty beliefs, thoughts, and patterns of behavior that led to their offense (Letourneau & Borduin, 2008).
Although there have been several improvements in the treatment for sex offenders, nothing has actually cured them from their deviant behavior and thinking. One thing that must be kept in mind, is that there is not a single treatment that can be used for all sex offenders, which is due to their motivation
Sexual assault is one of the fastest growing violent crimes in America. Approximately 20% of all people charged with a sexual offense are juveniles. Among adult sex offenders, almost 50% report that their first offense occurred during their adolescence. (FBI, 1993) There are many different opinions, treatment options and legislation to manage the growing numbers of juvenile sex offenders. In today’s society the psychological and behavioral modification treatments used to manage juvenile sex offenders is also a growing concern. To understand and determine the proposed treatment methods, several related issues will need to be reviewed such as traditional sex offender therapy methods like cognitive therapy and alternative therapies like
This article is relevant to both GLM and RNR in that it tries to explain the role of each model in the treatment and management of sex offenders. The authors started off by quoting Andrews and Bonta, 1998 while trying to inform the readers that “for the past 40 years, has been based on RNR approach…..(Megan Schaffer, Elizabeth L. Jeglic, John Jay College and Aviva Moster, p.1). The authors continue to explain that both models, the GLM and the RNR, utilize the Cognitive Behavioral therapy ( CBT) techniques for the treatment of sex offenders. While agreeing with the fact that both GLM and the RNR have a lot in common when it comes in terms to sex offenders management and treatment, the authors, in what seem an attempt to highlight the relevance
The reason for this study is to explain the different types of treatment for adult male sex offenders.
Beckett et al (1994) concluded that short term programmes demonstrated positive outcomes for sex offender treatment, however this is determined on the level of deviancy of the offender. Low level deviancy had a positive outcome with the short treatment approach, whereas high level deviancy responded well to long term treatment programmes. Therefore it is recommended more specialist
There are generalizations on the sex offender's treatment programs. Etiologically, sex offending varies considerably and offering the same rehabilitation designs is not effective. While on parole, sex offenders face a lot of challenges like loneliness, intimacy deficits, and challenges in emotional regulations (Paparozzi & Guy, 2009). As mentioned in the re-entry process, there is victimization and loneliness that faces people who are released from prison. As man is a social animal, isolation, victimization, and feeling of rejection bring loneliness as the challenge. Meanwhile, there are intimacy deficits. Most of the parolees lack close friends or intimate friends. Most of the
There is a general agreement in the literature that it is in the interests of both the general public and sex offenders that a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of sex offender treatment programmes is established. However largely due to the lack of homogeneity amongst offenders a degree of uncertainty remains as to the most effective model. The literature is inconclusive with regard to specifying an exact exemplar for a sex offender. It is therefore largely accepted that; regulated evidenced based assessment tools with a high degree of reliability and validity are used in treatment programs. Additionally these programs must target particular traits to be effective. This literature review
The proper management and treatment of adult and juvenile sex offender play a crucial role in the protection of the general public. In order to properly manage and treat sex offenders the: who, what, where, why and how of the sexual offender and the sexual offense committed. When issuing management and treatment the nature of the crime comes into great thought of whether it was rape, public exposure, sodomy, possession of child pornography, etc. All of these crimes all have different punishments that follow which would also mean the management and treatment of the sex offender would be different as well. When attempting to come up with the best management and treatment method of these sex offenders the individuals assigning
I went to a forensics psychology seminar and listened to Dr. Lilijequist talk about her experience has a forensics psychologist. She said that “forensics psychologists are not as cool as they seem on tv, and that all they do is assess and evaluate prisoners, and people getting ready to testify at court to see if they are mental stable”. She said that “some lawyers would call her up and say that they want her to come to this conclusion about their client”. Also, she said “that most forensics psychologists have a code of ethics and morals they follow, and that they would not listen to a lawyer when they want a certain illness listed”. When she talked about the code of ethics and morals; I started to see where forensics psychology was a part
Although psychological interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, are widely used in treating sexual offenders, treatment facilitators feel that sexual offenders with higher levels of sexual preoccupations aren’t responding as successfully as sexual offenders with lower levels of sexual preoccupations. In hopes of addressing the needs of sexual offenders with higher levels of sexual preoccupations and preventing sexual recidivism, approaches such as pharmacological treatment are being studied.
1. A forensic psychologist is a specialized psychologist who practices in the clinical, counseling, and cognitive aspects of psychology, and takes those aspects and focuses them on the judicial system.
Frenzel, Bowen, Spraitz, Bowers, and Phaneauf discussed the primary areas of collateral consequences that are experienced by registered sex offenders (RSOs) (2014). They are employment difficulties, relationship difficulties, harassment, and stigmatization and feelings of vulnerability (Frenzel et al, 2014). Examples include losing a job, losing or being denied housing, losing friends, and being harassed in public (Frenzel et al, 2014). The study looked to see if there is a difference between state specifically, Texas, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania and compared the results from previous research (2014). Sample results showed that participants were white, male, sex offenders with the average age of 50.2 and were lifetime registrants. The victim